Analysis of fatty acid composition content in the plant components of antidiabetic herbal mixture by GC-MS

Abstract

Medical plants and their combinations due to the wide range of biologically active substances can influence on various links of the pathogenetic mechanism of development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. One of such combinations is an anidiabetic herbal mixture (Urtica dioica L. leaf, Rosa majalis L. fruits, Vaccinium myrtillus L. leaf, Mentha piperita L. herb and Taraxacum officinale L. roots) with established hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, pancreatoprotective activity in previous pharmacological study in vivo. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify and establish the fatty acid content in the plant components of antidiabetic herbal mixture. Fatty acids were separated by validated method of of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after conversion into methyl esters. The result showed that Urtica dioica L. leaf and Vaccinium myrtillus L. leaf contain 12 fatty acids (8 saturated, 2 monounsaturated and 2 polyunsaturated), Rosa majalis L. fruits and Taraxacum officinale L. roots – 13 fatty acids (9 saturated, 2 monounsaturated and 2 polyunsaturated) and Mentha piperita L. herb – 14 fatty acids (10 saturated, 2 monounsaturated and 2 polyunsaturated). The predominant long-chain carboxylic acids in all plant raw materials were unsaturated fatty acids, their content was 55.3% in Urtica dioica L. leaf, 64.7% in Rosa majalis L. fruits, 60.5% in Vaccinium myrtillus L. leaf, 64.3% in Mentha piperita L. herb and 51.7% in Taraxacum officinale L. roots. This indicates the feasibility of including each component in the antidiabetic herbal mixture in order to form anticholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective activity, due to the high content of omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids.

An Updated Systematic Review of Vaccinium myrtillus Leaves: Phytochemistry and Pharmacology

“…Savych et al reported on the leaves of bilberry saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid in major quantity) and polyunsaturated acids (linoleic and linolenic) [ 8 ].…”

“…Following this selection, 64 publications remained, and the distribution over the 10 years is represented in Figure 1 . Some of these publications (six research articles) reported the pharmacological action or bioactive compounds of polyherbal formulations/plant mixtures [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], and Ieri et al reports results for the analysis of the bud extract of bilberry [ 11 ].…”

Inhibitory activity of endophytic fungi against alpha-amylase isolated from raru (Cotylelobium melanoxylon)

“…Antidiabetic (Bharti et al, 2018); (Savych et al, 2021), alpha-amylase inhibitors and antioxidant (Ahmed & Ashiq 2014)…”

Analysis of carbohydrates content in the plant components of antidiabetic herbal mixture by GC-MS

“…In addition, herbal medicines, as a rule, have a wide range of pharmacological properties, which is realized through different groups of phytochemicals (Oh and Jun 2014;Kooti et al 2016;Budniak et al 2020;Marchyshyn et al 2020). Combinations of different medicinal plants deserve special attention as such herbal mixtures will have more biologically active substances that will affect all parts of the pathogenetic mechanism of diabetes mellitus and its complications (Savych et al 2020a(Savych et al , 2021a.…”

“…One of such combinations is an antidiabetic herbal mixture (Urticae folia, Rosae frucrus, Myrtilli folia, Menthae folia and Taraxaci radices) with established hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, pancreatoprotective activity in pharmacological study in vivo (Savych et al 2020b(Savych et al , c, d, e, f, 2021d and the defined phytochemical composition that determines such pharmacodynamics (Savych et al 2020a(Savych et al , 2021a.…”