Analysis of Flavonoids and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Rapeseeds (Brassica napus L. var. napus) by HPLC-PDA–ESI(−)-MSn/HRMS

Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms that allow them to tolerate a continuous range of abiotic and biotic stressors. Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ), a global anthropogenic pollutant, directly affects living organisms and ecosystems, including plant-herbivore interactions. In this study, we investigate the stress responses of Brassica nigra (wild black mustard) exposed consecutively to O 3 and the specialist herbivore Pieris brassicae. Transcriptomics and metabolomics data were evaluated using multivariate, correlation, and network analyses for the O 3 and herbivory responses. O 3 stress symptoms resembled those of senescence and phosphate starvation, while a sequential shift from O 3 to herbivory induced characteristic plant defense responses, including a decrease in central metabolism, induction of the jasmonic acid/ethylene pathways, and emission of volatiles. Omics network and pathway analyses predicted a link between glycerol and central energy metabolism that influences the osmotic stress response and stomatal closure. Further physiological measurements confirmed that while O 3 stress inhibited photosynthesis and carbon assimilation, sequential herbivory counteracted the initial responses induced by O 3 , resulting in a phenotype similar to that observed after herbivory alone. This study clarifies the consequences of multiple stress interactions on a plant metabolic system and also illustrates how omics data can be integrated to generate new hypotheses in ecology and plant physiology.

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“…3C). Phenolic compounds such as flavonols and cinnamic acid ester derivatives (Lin et al, 2011;Shao et al, 2014) increased in all treatments.…”

Section: Metabolome Responsesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Central Metabolic Responses to Ozone and Herbivory Affect Photosynthesis and Stomatal Closure

et al. 2016

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“…Under optimized separation conditions (see Section 2), four “unknown” compounds could be collected (“unknowns” 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ) and identified by UHPLC‐Q‐TOF. The structural information, given in Supporting Information Table S2, was found to be relevant according the literature . These four compounds were finally identified as 1,6‐disinapoylglucoside ( 1 ), sinapoylglycoside ( 2 ), disinapoylgentiobiose ( 3 ) and sinapoylgentiobiose ( 4 ), respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Capillary electrophoresis, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and thin‐layer chromatography analyses of phenolic compounds from rapeseed plants and evaluation of their antioxidant activity

Huang

Jansen

Frédérich

et al. 2018

J of Separation Science

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Rapeseed plants, known for oil production, are also known to contain phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, with potential antioxidant and anticancer activities. The separation and identification of 11 phenolic acids in rapeseed extracts (including leaves, flowers, Chinese seeds, Belgian seeds, and cake) by capillary electrophoresis were investigated. The results were compared with those obtained with high‐performance liquid chromatography and thin‐layer chromatography and showed that the capillary electrophoresis technique offers several advantages for the identification of phenolic compounds in various rapeseed extracts. The antioxidant activity of rapeseed extracts and reference compounds was evaluated using four different approaches, namely, 2,2′‐azinobis‐ (3‐ethylbenzohiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid assay, free radical 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl assay, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and the measurement of the total polyphenol content. The contents of total polyphenols in the tested extracts were ranging between 5.4 and 21.1% m/m and ranked as follows: Chinese seeds ˃ Belgian seeds ˃ Flowers ˃ Cake ˃ Leaves.

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“…Flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, as the main pigments in flowers are responsible for colour variations (Jaakola, ). Hence, we extracted total polyphenols from petals of S2 hybrids and parents to quantify total soluble phenolic and flavonoid content (Shao et al, ). We found that the total phenolic content was more accumulated in B. rapa than B. oleracea and hybrid progeny (Figure ), agreeing to the morphological observation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and seed structural comparison in hybrids of different Brassica rapa and B. oleracea

et al. 2019

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Brassica napus is an important oil species with short history and narrow genetic background. Interspecific hybrids from crosses between B. oleracea and different B. rapa were obtained. We found the hybrids with white petal resembling B. oleracea, the flavonoid and phenolic content decreased in hybrids, agreeing with the expressional changes of flavonoid biosynthesis genes. Seed coat of hybrids resembled diploid parents, or partly resembled to each parent with a clear outline. The palisade layer in hybrids was thicker than parents, with similar pigment accumulation as B. oleracea but more than B. rapa. Differentially sized protein bodies (PBs) were found in hybrids. The radical and inner cotyledon of all hybrids were identified with larger but less PBs than parents. The average size of PBs in outer cotyledon of resynthesized B. napus was also larger than parents, but the number of PBs was not significantly reduced. The phenotypic and seed structural variations after polyploidization of B. napus would be interesting for genetic broadening and breeding of rapeseed.

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Analysis of Flavonoids and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Rapeseeds (Brassica napus L. var. napus) by HPLC-PDA–ESI(−)-MSⁿ/HRMS

Cited by 43 publications

References 36 publications

Central Metabolic Responses to Ozone and Herbivory Affect Photosynthesis and Stomatal Closure

Central Metabolic Responses to Ozone and Herbivory Affect Photosynthesis and Stomatal Closure

Capillary electrophoresis, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and thin‐layer chromatography analyses of phenolic compounds from rapeseed plants and evaluation of their antioxidant activity

Phenotypic and seed structural comparison in hybrids of different Brassica rapa and B. oleracea

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