Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in human prostate by high‐performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

Objective To investigate changes in glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid, were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The total amount of GAGs was (GAG) profiles in human prostatic tissue. Materials and methods Seventeen human prostatic increased in hyperplastic and cancerous prostates, with the predominant components being DS and Ch-6S samples were examined; five were normal, six hyperplastic and six were cancerous. Prostatic proteoglycans in these specimens. The Ch-S5DS ratio in cancerous prostate was significantly higher than that in normal were extracted with 4 mol/L guanidine-HCl containing protease inhibitors. After digestion of the freeze-dried and BPH tissue (P<0.05). Moreover, chondroitin was increased in hyperplastic prostatic tissue (P<0.01). proteoglycan extract with papain, the prostatic GAGs were purified. Total GAGs were measured by a modified Conclusions These results suggest that an increase in chondroitin levels may be associated with hyperplastic dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) method. Highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used change and an increase in the Ch-S5DS ratio may be related to the development of malignancy. to quantify the extracted GAGs. Results Six types of GAGs, i.e. chondroitin 4-sulphate Keywords Proteoglycan, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), human prostate, high-performance liquid chromatog-(Ch-4S), chondroitin 6-sulphate (Ch-6S), dermatan sulphate (DS), chondroitin, heparan sulphate and raphy (HPLC) [7,8] and paper and thin-layer chromatography [9] have

Immunohistochemical Level of Unsulfated Chondroitin Disaccharides in the Cancer Stroma Is an Independent Predictor of Prostate Cancer Relapse

“…Our previous studies illustrated that patients treated by radical prostatectomy for early stage (cT 1 -cT 2 ) cancer who showed high chondroitin sulfate concentration in the peritumoral stroma of the prostate had a significantly higher incidence of PSA failure than patients with low chondroitin sulfate concentration (14). Chondroitin sulfate levels in advanced (cT 4 ) prostate cancer tissues are very similar to the levels present in those early-stage prostate tumors that ultimately progressed, 12 suggesting that metastasis could be associated with increased chondroitin sulfate levels. Although chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are widely distributed both on the surfaces of most cells and in the extracellular matrix, the structure and function of chondroitin sulfate side chains in malignant tissues have not been thoroughly investigated.…”

“…The concentration of chondroitin sulfate is greatly increased over normal tissue levels in several different malignancies (7)(8)(9)(10), including prostate cancer (11)(12)(13). Our previous studies illustrated that patients treated by radical prostatectomy for early stage (cT 1 -cT 2 ) cancer who showed high chondroitin sulfate concentration in the peritumoral stroma of the prostate had a significantly higher incidence of PSA failure than patients with low chondroitin sulfate concentration (14).…”

Identification of the glycosaminoglycan keratan sulfate in the prostatic secretory cell

“…GAG production was previously recognized in prostatic stromal tissue [4,6,7,[10][11][12][13], and outside stromal tissues it has been recognized in the secretory products of white blood and tissue mast cells [14]. Furthermore, GAG production by epithelial cells has in the past been limited to their contribution of basement membrane material [15] and was not considered part of normal epithelial exocrine secretion.…”

Increased expression of non-sulfated chondroitin correlates with adverse clinicopathological parameters in prostate cancer

“…16,17 Furthermore, high performance liquid chromatography analysis of glycosaminoglycans extracted from prostate cancer samples revealed that chondroitin-6-sulfate and dermatan sulfate were the predominantly upregulated components. 18 Indeed, elevated levels of sulfated chondroitin were reported to be associated with poorer disease outcome in early stage prostate cancer. 19,20 The biological activities of chondroitin sulfate, as well as its ability to bind to and interact with different growth factors and signaling molecules, are dependent on the presence of distinct sulfation motifs.…”