Analysis of Grid-Forming IIDG’s Transient- and Steady-State Fault Model

Pole Slipping in Droop-Based Grid-Forming Inverters

“…An approach similar to the equal area method is adopted here to analyze the power angle behavior of GFM inverters. The impact of voltage drop without voltage phase angle jump on the power-angle behavior of GFM inverters has been previously examined and solutions have been proposed [7]- [9], [11]- [15]. However, the impact of disturbance-induced voltage phase angle jumps on power angle stability of GFM inverters has rarely been investigated in the literature [10], [16], [19].…”

“…In order to remove condition 2, we propose to modify the active power reference during the disturbance as given in (7). By modifying the active power reference during the disturbance, the equilibrium between P ref and P inv can be achieved without the need to increase the power angle.…”

“…The performance of GFM-IBRs during disturbances are extensively investigated in recent years. In [7], the dynamic behaviour of GFM-IBRs are investigated during faults. Moreover, the impact of various factors such as fault type, and fault severity on the dynamic response of GFM-IBRs are demonstrated.…”

Analysis of Transients in Power Electronic Dominated Power Systems

“…Compared to GFL inverters, the transient and fault analysis of GFM inverters is considerably more complex, and there has been relatively limited research conducted on this topic [98]. However, with the increasing adoption of GFM inverters in power electronic power systems (PEPS), researchers have started to focus on developing methods for transient and fault analysis.…”

“…A significant challenge in fault modelling of GFM inverters is the strong interaction between the fault response of GFM inverters and the dynamics of the connected power system [98][99][100][101]. Existing modelling methods only consider the converter itself during modelling and transient analysis and do not account for the interaction between GFM inverters and the power system.…”