Analysis of HBV infection after blood transfusion in Japan through investigation of a comprehensive donor specimen repository

Matsumoto, Chieko; Tadokoro, Kenji; Fujimura, Kayoko; Hirakawa, Shinichi; Mitsunaga, Shigeki; Juji, Takeo

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.2001.41070878.x

Cited by 60 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In some countries such as Germany, Austria and Japan, blood units with antiHBs levels greater than 100 IU/L is considered to be safe [26]. However, there was evidence that transmission of HBV from occult hepatitis B subjects occurred in the presence of concurrent neutralizing anti-HBs in the same specimen [28]. Detection of HBV DNA in some anti-HBspositive samples in this study indicates that the absence of HBsAg and the presence of anti-HBs do not totally reflect the safety of blood donations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

et al. 2010

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Background and aims Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) poses a challenge to the safety of blood donation. The prevalence of OBI is not well documented in Indonesia, although this information in such an endemic country is needed. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B in blood donors from two cities of Indonesia, and to study the genetic variation and its effect on the predicted antigenicity of HBsAg. Methods Serum samples of 309 regular blood donors negative for HBsAg were tested for anti-HBs and antiHBc. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA isolated from antiHBc-positive samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, cloned and sequenced. Antigenic properties of identified HBsAg mutants were predicted by calculation of the antigenic index. Results Of the 309 HBsAg-negative samples, anti-HBc was positive in 134 (43.4%) and HBV DNA was detected in 25 (8.1%). Seven of the viremic samples had nucleotide substitutions (A521G, A551T, C582T, and A562G) in the S gene, causing amino acid mutations (T123A, M133L, and T143M) in the 'a' determinant of HBsAg that resulted in changes in the predicted antigenicity. Conclusions OBI was detected in blood donors' samples in Indonesia. Anti-HBc was shown to be a better screening parameter than HBsAg, however, it might result in the loss of donors particularly in endemic countries. HBsAg detection failure in this study might be due to mutations altering the protein antigenicity and/or the low-level carriage of HBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

et al. 2010

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“…49,50 However, if this strategy is applied in the studied population, the use of anti-HBc would result in the disposal of 36.2% of blood units, with 42.6% of them might actually be safe. The anti-HBs titers in the HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive samples did not illustrate the absence of viral infection, as 65.8% of anti-HBc-/anti-HBs-positive OHB cases showed antiHBs titers of > 100 IU/L (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Young Adults in Ternate, Eastern Indonesia

Ie¹,

Turyadi²,

Sidarta³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been declining thanks to the universal hepatitis B infant immunization program. Nevertheless, young adults born before the program implementation might have acquired HBV in early childhood or remain susceptible to infection. This study aimed to evaluate hepatitis B epidemiology in asymptomatic young adult population in Ternate, eastern Indonesia. Serum samples of 376 subjects (aged 17-25, mean 19.82 ± 1.69 years; male/female 138/238) were screened for HBV parameters serologically (HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]; its antibody [anti-HBs]; anti-core antigen [anti-HBc]), and molecularly (HBV DNA). HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and HBV DNA prevalence were 15.7%, 36.2%, 24.2%, and 27.9%, respectively, with male predominance. Of all subjects, 13.0% were HBsAg negative with detectable HBV DNA (occult hepatitis B [OHB]), and 56.4% showed negativity for all seromarkers. This population showed high hepatitis B prevalence with substantial occurrence of OHB. However, a high percentage of the population were still susceptible and at risk of HBV infection. This study emphasizes the necessity to improve prevention strategies to screen and manage HBV carriers, including the adoption of catch-up or booster vaccination targeted to young adult populations. Investigations on the roles of host-virus interactions associated with OHB and its implications are warranted.

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“…4 Whether HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive units can transmit HBV infection to recipients is debated. [13][14][15][16][17][25][26][27] The low viremic content and often the concomitant presence of neutralizing anti-HBs antibodies has led several authors to conclude that blood from anti-HBc/anti-HBs-positive donors is safe; the English experience seems reassuring as no case of hepatitis B transmission was related to transfusion in a survey of 20000 blood units controlled only for HBsAg. 25 However, the prevalence of HBV is very low in Northern Europe and the number of units traced was relatively small, while the transfusion risk may be different in areas such as Italy, where HBV remains endemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of sensitive assays to detect HBV-DNA it was shown that healthy HBsAg-negative donors who have antibodies to HBV core antigen (antiHBc) may harbor an occult HBV infection and maintain HBV-DNA sequences in their liver and blood, thus representing potential sources of HBV transmission. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] AntiHBc screening of blood donations is controversial and variably performed in different countries. Currently it is limited to areas where the seroprevalence of HBV is low (generally <2%), while it is not performed in areas with a high HBV seroprevalence because the impact of the deferral of anti-HBc-positive donors is considered not sustainable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The safety of this measure is currently being debated. 17 To assess the risk of releasing blood units which contain occult HBV-DNA into the blood supply, we determined the current prevalence of anti-HBc positivity among first-time donors in the Region of Piedmont (north-western Italy) and the proportion of these donors who have HBV-DNA and anti-HBs detectable in their serum.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Italian blood donors with anti-HBc and occult hepatitis B virus infection

Manzini¹,

Girotto²,

Borsotti³

et al. 2007

Haematologica

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Analysis of HBV infection after blood transfusion in Japan through investigation of a comprehensive donor specimen repository

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Young Adults in Ternate, Eastern Indonesia

Italian blood donors with anti-HBc and occult hepatitis B virus infection

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