Analysis of Healing of Rat Uterine Wall After Full-Thickness Surgical Incision

Tikhonova, N.B.; Ap, Milovanov; Алексанкина, В. В.; Fokina, T V; Boltovskaya, M. N.; Алексанкин, А. П.; Artem’eva, K. A.

doi:10.1007/s10517-021-05340-y

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our previous study using a rat model investigated morphological changes in the uterine horn wall during the healing over a 2-week period after a full-thickness surgical incision. On the fourth day, there was a tight attachment of the intraabdominal adipose tissue to the site of damage simultaneously with the complete disappearance of the wound channel [7]. Later, we demonstrated that cells of adipocyte origin are actively involved in the process of healing through damage to the uterine wall of rats at the earliest stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In contrast to the absence of animal models for PAS, there is an available opportunity to study the mechanisms of uterine wall healing in a laboratory rodent model. In previous studies, we discovered that adipose tissue was involved in the early healing of the uterine wall of rats [7,8]. In addition, we found adipocytes in the uterine scars of pregnant women [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Mesenchymal cells derived from adipose tissue are the most promising cell types in regenerative medicine and gynecology [5,6]. The interaction of the components of the visceral fat depot with a damaged uterine wall in rats is also known [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adipocytes in the Uterine Wall during Experimental Healing and in Cesarean Scars during Pregnancy

Tikhonova,

Milovanov,

Aleksankina

et al. 2023

IJMS

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We have suggested that adipocytes in uterine scars may affect the development of the placenta accrete spectrum (PAS). In the experimental part, we explored adipocytes in the uterine wall by the twelfth sexual cycle after surgery. In the clinical part, we investigated adipocyte clusters in the cesarean scar of pregnant women with and without PAS. The uterine wall was evaluated in gross and histological sections using morphometry, histochemistry (hematoxylin and eosin stain, Mallory stain), and immunohistochemistry for FABP4 (adipocyte markers), CD68, CD163, CD206 (macrophages), CD 34 (endothelium), cytokeratin 8 (epithelium), aSMA (smooth muscle cells). The design included an experimental study on Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 18) after a full-thickness surgical incision on the seventh (n = 6), 30th (n = 6), and 60th day (n = 6). The clinical groups include pregnant women without uterine scars (n = 10), pregnant women with a uterine scar after previous cesarean sections (n = 10), and women with PAS (n = 11). Statistical processing was carried out using nonparametric methods. Comparisons were conducted using the Mann–Whitney U-test and Kruskal–Wallis test. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. On the seventh day, the rat uterine horn was enveloped by adipose tissue, which contained crown-like structures with FABP4+, CD68+, CD206+, and CD163+ cells. FABP4+ cells in the uterine wall were absent by the 30th day. The number of CD206+ and CD163+ cells in the adipose tissue decreased by the 30th day. On the 60th day, the attachment of fat tissue was revealed in the form of single strands. The serous layer around the damaged area totally recovered on the 60th day. FABP4+ cells were not detected in the uterine wall samples from pregnant women without a previous cesarean section. Adipocytes were found in the scar during non-complicated pregnancy and with PAS. Reducing the number of CD68+ cells in adipocyte clusters, there were in myometrium with PAS. Increased CD206+ and CD163+ cells were revealed in uterine adipocyte clusters of the group. According to the experimental finding, adipocytes should be absent in the uterine wall by the 12th sexual cycle after a full-thickness surgical incision. The presence of adipocyte clusters in cesarean scar indicated the disturbance of cell interaction. Differences in the numbers of CD206 and CD163 cells in adipocyte clusters between groups with and without PAS may be indirect evidence that uterine adipocytes affect the development of PAS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Adipocytes in the Uterine Wall during Experimental Healing and in Cesarean Scars during Pregnancy

Tikhonova,

Milovanov,

Aleksankina

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Section: Uterine Incisionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The morphological changes and healing process of the mouse uterine incision within 2 weeks after surgery are similar to humans (48). In terms of the healing process, the epithelium of the lesion of the mouse uterus began to repair on the second day after the operation, and on the fourth day, the wound was completely filled with endometrial tissue on the uterine cavity side and covered by adipose tissue attached to the mesentery on the abdominal side (48). Moreover, the process of healing of the postoperative incision is associated with the estrus cycle of mice, and it is also similar to humans in that the process of healing is associated with changes in hormones (49).…”

Section: Uterine Incisionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Animal models of the placenta accreta spectrum: current status and further perspectives

2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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Placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PAS) is a kind of disease of placentation defined as abnormal trophoblast invasion of part or all of the placenta into the myometrium, even penetrating the uterus. Decidual deficiency, abnormal vascular remodeling in the maternal–fetal interface, and excessive invasion by extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells contribute to its onset. However, the mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying such phenotypes are not fully understood, partly due to the lack of suitable experimental animal models. Appropriate animal models will facilitate the comprehensive and systematic elucidation of the pathogenesis of PAS. Due to the remarkably similar functional placental villous units and hemochorial placentation to humans, the current animal models of PAS are based on mice. There are various mouse models induced by uterine surgery to simulate different phenotypes of PAS, such as excessive invasion of EVT or immune disturbance at the maternal–fetal interface, which could define the pathological mechanism of PAS from the perspective of the “soil.” Additionally, genetically modified mouse models could be used to study PAS, which is helpful to exploring the pathogenesis of PAS from the perspectives of both “soil” and “seed,” respectively. This review details early placental development in mice, with a focus on the approaches of PAS modeling. Additionally, the strengths, limitations and the applicability of each strategy and further perspectives are summarized to provide the theoretical foundation for researchers to select appropriate animal models for various research purposes. This will help better determine the pathogenesis of PAS and even promote possible therapy.

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Detection of Fat Cells in Uterine Scars During Normal Pregnancy and with Placenta Accreta Spectrum

Milovanov,

Tikhonova,

Fokina

et al. 2023

Žurnal anatomii i gistopatologii

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The aim was to investigate the presence of fat cells (adipocytes) using morphological methods in the uterus of women without signs of scarring, with well–off scars after cesarean section (CS), as well as in a group of patients with different variants of atypical placentation.Material and methods. A retrospective histological and immunohistochemical study of the uterine wall material obtained during abdominal delivery in normal pregnancy without a previous CS in medical history (group 1, n=10), in normal pregnancy with a previous CS in anamnesis and the presence of a scar in the uterine wall (group 2, n=23) was performed, in pregnancy complicated by the ingrowth of placental villi (group 3, n=22).Results. In the uteroplacental region, the fat component was found in all three groups. No adipocytes were found in group 1 (0%). In group 2, fields of fat cells of different sizes were found in 19 cases out of 23 studied (83%) and only in the scar zone: in serosa 40%, in the perivascular zone 28%, among muscle bundles 15%. In the 3rd group with the ingrowth of placental villi into the scar zone, a “hernia” of the thinned uterine wall was detected in 68% of cases. The adipocytic component in this group was detected in 86% of cases (19 out of 22). Localization of adipocytes was observed in serosa (56%), in the perivascular zone (25%) and among muscle bundles (6%). No adipocytic component was found in the uterine wall outside the scar tissue.Conclusion. An adipocytic component was identified, undoubtedly associated with traumatic damage to the uterus and the presence of a scar in the wall. What are the relationships between the presence of fat cells in the scar tissue and its predisposition to the pathology of ingrowth of villi is unknown and requires further research.

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Analysis of Healing of Rat Uterine Wall After Full-Thickness Surgical Incision

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Adipocytes in the Uterine Wall during Experimental Healing and in Cesarean Scars during Pregnancy

Adipocytes in the Uterine Wall during Experimental Healing and in Cesarean Scars during Pregnancy

Animal models of the placenta accreta spectrum: current status and further perspectives

Detection of Fat Cells in Uterine Scars During Normal Pregnancy and with Placenta Accreta Spectrum

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