Analysis of health-related biomarkers between vegetarians and non-vegetarians: A multi-biomarker approach

Gajski, Goran; Gerić, Marko; Lovrenčić, Marijana Vučić; Božičević, Sandra; Rubelj, Ivica; Nanić, Lucia; Vidaček, Nikolina Škrobot; Bendix, Laila; Peraica, Maja; Rašić, Dubravka; Domijan, Ana Marija; Gluščić, Valentina; Jurasović, Jasna; Orct, Tatjana; Avdagić, Selma Cvijetić; Jurak, Gordana; Bošnir, Jasna; Garaj‐Vrhovac, Vera

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.054

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…It has been hypothesized that regular consumption of moderate doses of wine could provide health benefits. Wine's beneficial effect has been attributed principally to its non-alcoholic portion, which has antioxidant properties [141][142][143]. An important issue to mention is that acetaldehyde induces DNA crosslinks, which can indeed decrease DNA migration.…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the comet assay in human biomonitoring: An hCOMET perspective

Azqueta

Ladeira

Giovannelli

et al. 2020

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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118

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The comet assay is a well-accepted biomonitoring tool to examine the effect of dietary, lifestyle, environmental and occupational exposure on levels of DNA damage in human cells. With such a wide range of determinants for DNA damage levels, it becomes challenging to deal with confounding and certain factors are interrelated (e.g. poor nutritional intake may correlate with smoking status). This review describes the effect of intrinsic (i.e. sex, age, tobacco smoking, occupational exposure and obesity) and extrinsic (season, environmental exposures, diet, physical activity and alcohol consumption) factors on the level of DNA damage measured by the standard or enzyme-modified comet assay. Although each factor influences at least one comet assay endpoint, the collective evidence does not indicate single factors have a large impact. Thus, controlling for confounding may be necessary in a biomonitoring study, but none of the factors is strong enough to be regarded a priori as a confounder. Controlling for confounding in the comet assay requires a case-by-case approach. Inter-laboratory variation in levels of DNA damage and to some extent also reproducibility in biomonitoring studies are issues that have haunted the users of the comet assay for years. Procedures to collect specimens, and their storage, are not standardized. Likewise, statistical issues related to both sample-size calculation (before sampling of specimens) and statistical analysis of the results vary between studies. This review gives guidance to statistical analysis of the typically complex exposure, co-variate, and effect relationships in human biomonitoring studies.

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Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the comet assay in human biomonitoring: An hCOMET perspective

Azqueta

Ladeira

Giovannelli

et al. 2020

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

Self Cite

118

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“…Although it is mainly used in human cells both in vivo (ex vivo, in situ) and in vitro, the assay has its application in the evaluation of DNA damage in yeast [43][44][45], plant [46][47][48][49] and animal [29,[50][51][52][53] cells. Therefore, the comet assay has instantly found its application in different fields; from genetic and environmental toxicology to human epidemiology and biomonitoring [1,3,17,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 2 Vertebrates)

Gajski

Žegura

Ladeira

et al. 2019

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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The comet assay has become one of the methods of choice for the evaluation and measurement of DNA damage. It is sensitive, quick to perform and relatively affordable for the evaluation of DNA damage and repair at the level of individual cells. The comet assay can be applied to virtually any cell type derived from different organs and tissues. Even though the comet assay is predominantly used on human cells, the application of the assay for the evaluation of DNA damage in yeast, plant and animal cells is also quite high, especially in terms of biomonitoring. The present extensive overview on the usage of the comet assay in animal models will cover both terrestrial and water environments. The first part of the review was focused on studies describing the comet assay applied in invertebrates. The second part of the review, (Part 2) will discuss the application of the comet assay in vertebrates covering cyclostomata, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, in addition to chordates that are regarded as a transitional form towards vertebrates. Besides numerous vertebrate species, the assay is also performed on a range of cells, which includes blood, liver, kidney, brain, gill, bone marrow and sperm cells. These cells are readily used for the evaluation of a wide spectrum of genotoxic agents both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the use of vertebrate models and their role in environmental biomonitoring will also be discussed as well as the comparison of the use of the comet assay in vertebrate and human models in line with ethical principles. Although the comet assay in vertebrates is most commonly used in laboratory animals such as mice, rats and lately zebrafish, this paper will only briefly review its use regarding laboratory animal models and rather give special emphasis to the increasing usage of the assay in domestic and wildlife animals as well as in various ecotoxicological studies.

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“…However, as fish and some fruits and vegetables also increase TMAO levels, this relationship remains controversial, and it is the overall inflammatory load of the diet that is considered to contribute to its effects [61]. In addition, vegans and vegetarians have been found to have higher levels of antioxidants in the blood which are associated with lower risk of depression [62]. However, a poorly balanced diet in vegans and vegetarians can lead to lower nutritional status compared with omnivores [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, vegans and vegetarians have been found to have higher levels of antioxidants in the blood which are associated with lower risk of depression [62]. However, a poorly balanced diet in vegans and vegetarians can lead to lower nutritional status compared with omnivores [62]. Moreover, creatine, found in animal foods or supplement form, is considered as a potential antidepressant [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between protein consumption from animal and plant sources with psychological distress in older people in the Mediterranean region

D’Cunha

Foscolou

Tyrovolas

et al. 2020

Nutrition and Healthy Aging

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BACKGROUND: The potential for diet to prevent and treat mental health conditions is an exciting area of investigation; however, the impact of different protein sources on mental health outcomes is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between dietary protein intake and psychological distress, in people aged >50 years of age, living in Greece. METHODS: A combined data set of older people living in the Athens metropolitan area and 20 Greek islands, from the ATTICA (n = 1,128) and MEDIS (n = 2,221) population-based cross-sectional studies was developed. Anthropometric, clinical and socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, and protein consumption (total, animal, plant) consumed based on validated FFQ, were derived through standard procedures and questionnaires. “Psychological distress” (PDS) was assessed as a combined variable representing symptoms of depression and anxiety using Item Response Theory methodology and fitting a Graded Response Model. RESULTS: Animal protein, but not plant protein intake, was associated with higher PDS following adjustment for age, sex, education level, Mediterranean diet adherence and physical activity (b±SE: 0.399±0.090, p = 0.003). Following analysis by Mediterranean diet adherence level, among low adherers, animal protein intake was positively associated with PDS (b±SE: 1.119±0.174, p = 0.003), and no associations were observed in moderate or high adherence groupsin regards to plant protein intake and PDS. CONCLUSIONS: Animal protein intake is associated with PDS, suggesting a bi-directional relationship, which may be influenced by Mediterranean diet adherence.

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Analysis of health-related biomarkers between vegetarians and non-vegetarians: A multi-biomarker approach

Cited by 18 publications

References 78 publications

Application of the comet assay in human biomonitoring: An hCOMET perspective

Application of the comet assay in human biomonitoring: An hCOMET perspective

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 2 Vertebrates)

The association between protein consumption from animal and plant sources with psychological distress in older people in the Mediterranean region

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