Analysis of healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a three-wave longitudinal study

Perego, Gaia; Cugnata, Federica; Brombin, Chiara; Milano, F; Mazzetti, Martina; Taranto, Paola; Preti, Emanuele; Pierro, Rossella Di; Panfilis, Chiara De; Madeddu, Fabio; Mattei, Valentina Elisabetta Di

doi:10.1177/13591053231168040

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The findings showed that participants generally reported an increase in the subclinical levels of psychiatric symptoms, such as depression, anger, and emotional exhaustion, that remained relatively stable over time, with a few exceptions. Despite the subclinical nature of the symptoms, this study highlights the importance of addressing HCW distress, as it can potentially affect the quality of care, patient satisfaction, and medical error rates [48] .…”

Section: Discussion and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Covid-19 pandemic? Mental health implications among nurses and Proposed interventions

Georgousopoulou,

Pervanidou,

Perdikaris

et al. 2024

AIMSPH

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<abstract><sec> <title>Background</title> With its abrupt and huge health and socio-economic consequences, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a uniquely demanding, intensely stressful, and even traumatic period. Healthcare workers (HCW), especially nurses, were exposed to mental health challenges during those challenging times. </sec><sec> <title>Objectives</title> Review the current literature on mental health problems among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. </sec><sec> <title>Methods</title> This is a narrative review and critical evaluation of relevant publications. </sec><sec> <title>Results</title> Nurses experienced higher levels of stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, frustration, stigma, and depersonalization compared to other HCW. Factors that increased this symptomatology included concerns about infection or infection of family members, inadequate staff protective equipment, extended working hours, insufficient information, a reduced sense of security, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The factors that improved the psychopathology included a general positive attitude, job satisfaction, adequate information and education, harmonious group relationships, post-traumatic development, emotional intelligence, psychological counseling, mindfulness-based stress reduction, stable leadership, guidance, and moral and practical administrative support. </sec><sec> <title>Conclusions</title> Recent studies clearly show that nurses, especially women, are the most vulnerable subgroup among HCW and are particularly prone to mental health impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic. The documented mental health vulnerability of frontline nursing staff during the COVID-19 pandemic requires preventive nursing management actions to increase resilience and to develop relevant defense mechanisms. </sec></abstract>

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Section: Discussion and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Covid-19 pandemic? Mental health implications among nurses and Proposed interventions

Georgousopoulou,

Pervanidou,

Perdikaris

et al. 2024

AIMSPH

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“…A study from Italy with measurements taken at three different points in time shows a slight increase in stress, depression, state anger, and emotional exhaustion over one year. The authors explain the dynamics of the symptoms in association with the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic-the first data were collected after the end of the first lockdown, and the first follow-up was conducted during the second wave of infection when Italy was in its second lockdown, and the results of the second follow-up show the importance of moral distress and compassion fatigue during the pandemic [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, longitudinal studies from Italy published in 2023 show controversial data. A study with 407 participants, who were surveyed three times over one year, reports an increase in the rate of stress and depression; however, it remains at a subclinical level [4]. Another study with two-level screening carried out over one year, involving a baseline sample of 990 participants and a follow-up sample of 310 participants, shows a decrease in psychiatric symptoms due to the gradual remission of post-traumatic symptoms and reduced workload pressure [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of a metaanalysis representing 458,754 hospital HCWs report that working in high-risk units and being in direct contact with COVID-19 patients are associated with a higher risk of insomnia, sleep disorders, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [3]. Being a nurse is a risk factor for anxiety, depression, and insomnia [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of personality factors, such as self-esteem, on poor mental health outcomes was not widely studied during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is known that previous mental health status, coping strategies, perceived social support, relationships, and living status are associated with mental health outcomes among HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic [4]. A cross-sectional study from Qatar reports higher resilience among nurses with higher selfesteem and self-compassion during the COVID-19 pandemic [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Esteem and Occupational Factors as Predictors of the Incidence of Anxiety and Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latvia

Valaine,

Grēve,

Zolovs

et al. 2024

IJERPH

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The prevalence of depression and anxiety among healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is high. The aim of the study is to identify the importance of self-esteem and occupational factors in association with the incidence of depression and anxiety among HCWs through a longitudinal cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia. Participants received seven questionnaires during the COVID-19 pandemic on demographic parameters, work-related information, and contact with COVID-19 patients, and three standardized questionnaires that evaluated symptoms of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), and self-esteem (Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale). The Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) was used to identify factors associated with the incidence of depression and anxiety among HCWs. A total of 322 participants were included in the data analysis for depression and 352 for anxiety. HCWs with low self-esteem were 83% more likely to experience depression and 76% more likely to experience anxiety. Working at a general practitioner practice is associated with twice the risk of developing depression and anxiety. A 31% increase in the odds of depression is observed among HCWs with direct contact with COVID-19 patients. The organizational and government levels must look for opportunities to facilitate the mental health of HCWs to ensure better-quality healthcare.

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EFAS/EAN survey on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on European clinical autonomic education and research

Fanciulli,

Skorić,

Leys

et al. 2023

Clin Auton Res

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Purpose To understand the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on clinical autonomic education and research in Europe. Methods We invited 84 European autonomic centers to complete an online survey, recorded the pre-pandemic-to-pandemic percentage of junior participants in the annual congresses of the European Federation of Autonomic Societies (EFAS) and European Academy of Neurology (EAN) and the pre-pandemic-to-pandemic number of PubMed publications on neurological disorders. Results Forty-six centers answered the survey (55%). Twenty-nine centers were involved in clinical autonomic education and experienced pandemic-related didactic interruptions for 9 (5; 9) months. Ninety percent (n = 26/29) of autonomic educational centers reported a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education quality, and 93% (n = 27/29) established e-learning models. Both the 2020 joint EAN–EFAS virtual congress and the 2021 (virtual) and 2022 (hybrid) EFAS and EAN congresses marked higher percentages of junior participants than in 2019. Forty-one respondents (89%) were autonomic researchers, and 29 of them reported pandemic-related trial interruptions for 5 (2; 9) months. Since the pandemic begin, almost half of the respondents had less time for scientific writing. Likewise, the number of PubMed publications on autonomic topics showed the smallest increase compared with other neurological fields in 2020–2021 and the highest drop in 2022. Autonomic research centers that amended their trial protocols for telemedicine (38%, n = 16/41) maintained higher clinical caseloads during the first pandemic year. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial negative impact on European clinical autonomic education and research. At the same time, it promoted digitalization, favoring more equitable access to autonomic education and improved trial design.

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Analysis of healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a three-wave longitudinal study

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Covid-19 pandemic? Mental health implications among nurses and Proposed interventions

Covid-19 pandemic? Mental health implications among nurses and Proposed interventions

Self-Esteem and Occupational Factors as Predictors of the Incidence of Anxiety and Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latvia

EFAS/EAN survey on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on European clinical autonomic education and research

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