Analysis of Heavy Metals Concentration in Tissues of Three Different Fish Species Included in Human Diet from Danube River

Abstract

The aim of this study was the investigation of water, sediments and fi sh tissues contamination with heavy metals. All samples were taken from the Danube River in Belgrade region, a location upstream from Batajnica. Concentrations of Cd, Hg and Pb in water samples were not detected, while concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu and As were in the range of 0.004 -0.330 mg L -1. Iron was the most deposited metal in sediment samples in contrast to water samples where all investigated metals were detected. For the purpose of heavy metals determination in fresh fi sh tissue, fi fteen samples of three different fi sh species, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and wels catfi sh (Silurus glanis) were collected. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, As and Hg were determined in the digestive tract, liver and muscle by absorption spectroscopy. The highest concentration of Pb was in the digestive tract in all three fi sh species, ranging from 0.036 to 1.518 μg g -1 , while Cd was mostly deposited in the liver. Concentrations of As were in the range of 0.36 -0.73 μg g -1 in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, 0.013 -0.18 μg g -1 in Cyprinus carpio and 0.003 -0.005 μg g -1 in Silurus glanis tissues, while the content of Hg was equal in all tested tissues of carp. Concentrations of all metals were found to be present in the fi sh samples at different levels, but these values are under the maximum residual levels prescribed by the European Union (EU) and the maximum allowed concentrations (MAC) for Serbia, so the fi sh meat is acceptable for the human consumption.

Element Contents in Muscle Tissue of Prussian Carp from Different Lakes in an Urban Area

“…On the other hand, north of Belgrade, the lead content in the carp meat did not vary greatly between the lakes. The lowest lead content recorded in the muscle of locally-harvested carp was from the Danube upstream (west) from Belgrade, while similar levels as ours were found in muscle tissue of carp caught in the Danube downstream of Belgrade (0.014 mg kg −1 ; 0.048 mg kg −1 , respectively) (Milanov et al, 2016, Ivanovic et al, 2016. All measured lead contents in fish meat from the Belgrade region in the current study were significantly below the MACs of 0.30 mg kg −1 (Official Gazette of RS, 2014, European Commission Regulation, 2006.…”

“…In other recent Meat Technology 60 (2019) 2, 121-127 research on mercury in Prussian carp muscle, in the Danube, upstream from Belgrade, higher mercury levels (0.327 ± 0.110 mg kg −1 ) were established (Milanov et al, 2016). Also, in the Danube downstream of Belgrade, similar mercury concentrations (0.24 ± 0.05 mg kg −1 ) to ours were recorded in the muscle tissue of omnivorous fish, which indicates that the location of the catch affects mercury levels in fish (Ivanovic et al, 2016). Regardless of the moderate or low level of contamination of these waters with mercury, the content of this elements can be significant in fish meat.…”

A Short-Term Study on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Gill, Kidney, Liver, Muscle and Skin Tissues of <i>Silurus glanis</i> L., 1758 from Çamlıgöze Dam Lake, Sivas, Turkey

“…The mean Cd values in liver and muscle of S. glanis obtained in the study were higher than those obtained by Ivanovic et al [14] in the same species from Danube River, Serbia. The mean Cd values in liver and muscle of S. glanis obtained in the study were higher than those obtained by Milanov et al [15] in the same species from Danube River, Serbia. For Cd (µg/g) Malaysian Food Regulation is 1.00, Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department 2.00 and United States Food and Drug Administration 3.70 [16][17][18].…”

Determination of the Level of Selected Elements in Canned Meat and Fish and Risk Assessment for Consumer Health

“…Lead damages and destroys erythrocytes; reduces resistance; weakens the bones; blocks the nervous system; inhibits the absorption of iodine, necessary for correct functioning of the thyroid gland; forms toxic deposits in the organism, causing numerous disorders and diseases, [41]; 0.053-0.7396, 0.0195-0.0489 [18]; 0.07-0.22 [72]; <LOQ-1.14 [17]; 0.0001-0.0003 [52]; 0.0378-0.5243 [73]; 0.60-0.62 [74]; 0.088-0.410, [43]; 0.005-1.17 [39], * 0.140-0.327 in d.w. [75], * 0.094-0.466 [76], * 0.16-0.53 [77] 0.50 and 1.0 (tuna) [26] As Cd 0.0033-0.0754 0.0046-0.0720 [16]; 0.002-0.07 [78]; 1.00-1.80 [66]; 0.08-0.66 [41]; 0.0-53.9 [18]; 0.019 [79]; <LOQ-0.09 [17]; 0.08 [36]; 0.0032-0.0834 [73]; 0.020-0.025 [74]; <LOQ-0.007 [39]; 0.03-0.12 [37]; <LOQ-0.18 [40]; 0.19-17.05 [80], * 0.008-0.191 in d.w. [75], * 0.021-0.082 [76], * 0.01-0.21 [77] 0.050 and 0.10 (sardine, tuna) [26] Pb 0.011-0.296 0.0126-0.0726 [16]; 0.007-0.51 [78]; 3-4.60, 3.60-4.00 [66]; 0.14-0.92 [41]; 0.02-1.37 [35]; 0.0-31.1 [18]; 0.11 [79]; <LOQ-4.13 [17]; 0.10 [36]; <LOQ-3.19, 0.35-2.10, 0.25-1.51 in d.w. [42]…”