Analysis of high polymers

Air pollution

“…Reviews dealing with (i) chromatographic tecniques for analysis of rubber ( 95), (ii) gas chromatographic applications to analysis of rubber ( 109), (iii) analysis of rubber and plastics chemicals by liquid chromatography/spectroscopy (135), (iv) application of radiothermoluminescence methods to the analysis of polymers and polymer composites ( 127), (v) recent developments in pyrolysis gas chromatography for application to analysis of rubber ( 181), (vi) separation techniques for polymers ( 62), (vii) physiochemical characterization of composites and raw materials ( 137), (viii) recent developments in test procedures for natural and synthetic latexes ( 23), (ix) morphological and structural characterization of ultra-oriented polymers ( 24), (x) chemical methods in polymer physics ( 134), (xi) analysis of high polymers (34), (xii) spectroscopic and chromatographic data required for the identification of fillers, pigments, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, flame retardants, accelerators, and blowing agents ( 154), (xiii) physicochemical methods of analysis of rubber used to monitor the production of synthetic rubbers ( 12), (xiv) development of polymer characterization from the time-averaged to time-developed molecular transport properties (129), (xv) use of thermal analysis, liquid and gas chromatography, dynamic mechanical analysis, IR spectroscopy, and advanced rheological measurements in quality control (5), and (xvi) analysis in rubber technology (156) were published during the period under review.…”

Applied Polarography and Voltammetry of Organic Compounds in Pratical Day-To-Day Analysis Part II

“…While modern polarographic methods have contributed to a beter understanding of biopolymers, 453 they have apparently not kept the popularity in the analysis of synthetic polymers. 454 The practical value of polarography for the analysis of various polymer-monomer systems and for determining additives and impurities has been recognized in Russia and Eastern European countries and is still practiced there. 366 -455459 Many organic compounds used both as raw materials and as auxiliary substances in the manufacture of plastics are amenable to polarographic and voltammetric determination.…”

Rubber

“…However, it must be remembered that it is not an absolute method and that supplemental techniques are necessary to determine absolute molecular weight averages and chemical composition. Reviews are available on trends in polymer characterization (12, 43) and on analyses of polymers (32) and rubbers (148). Another review covers GPC theory, data treatment, and applications (140).…”

“…The absorption of oxygen on evaporated magnesium was studied by AES, XPS, and UPS (148) and on polycrystalline magnesium and aluminum films by synchroton source XPS (310). Oxidation of evaporated alumiunum films was followed by AES (227) and by gravimetry and (32)•, studies on a 1% Mg alloy using AES and MS showed formation of MgO on the surface to increase the electron multiplication 10-to 15-fold (171). Oxide formation in air on X-ray Fluorescence single crystal aluminum was examined by XPS, AES, , ELL and surface plasma spectroscopy (51) and by IR reflectance (288); oxidation by water and oxygen was compared using XPS (127).…”