Analysis of <i>PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY5</i> Sheds Light on the Role of Phytochromes in Photoperiodic Flowering in Rice

Andrés, Fernando; Galbraith, David W.; Talón, Manuel; Domingo, Concha

doi:10.1104/pp.109.139097

Cited by 68 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although most early flowering rice mutants or cultivars exhibit precocious activation of Hd3a/RFT1 expression (Izawa et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2008;André s et al, 2009), Hd3a/RFT1 expression is almost completely suppressed in the pps-1 mutant, regardless of daylength. Instead, the mutant exhibits derepressed expression of RAP1B, which normally acts downstream of Hd3a/RFT1 and may function in floral meristem and determine floral organ identity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheCOP1OrthologPPSRegulates the Juvenile–Adult and Vegetative–Reproductive Phase Changes in Rice

et al. 2011

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Because plant reproductive development occurs only in adult plants, the juvenile-to-adult phase change is an indispensable part of the plant life cycle. We identified two allelic mutants, peter pan syndrome-1 (pps-1) and pps-2, that prolong the juvenile phase in rice (Oryza sativa) and showed that rice PPS is an ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1. The pps-1 mutant exhibits delayed expression of miR156 and miR172 and the suppression of GA biosynthetic genes, reducing the GA 3 content in this mutant. In spite of its prolonged juvenile phase, the pps-1 mutant flowers early, and this is associated with derepression of RAP1B expression in pps-1 plants independently of the Hd1-Hd3a/ RFT1 photoperiodic pathway. PPS is strongly expressed in the fourth and fifth leaves, suggesting that it regulates the onset of the adult phase downstream of MORI1 and upstream of miR156 and miR172. Its ability to regulate the vegetative phase change and the time of flowering suggests that rice PPS acquired novel functions during the evolution of rice/monocots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheCOP1OrthologPPSRegulates the Juvenile–Adult and Vegetative–Reproductive Phase Changes in Rice

et al. 2011

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“…The early flowering phenotype of se5 mutants under both SD and LD conditions is mainly due to increased expression levels of Ehd1 (Andrés et al, 2009). To investigate the role of SDG724 in a photoperiod-insensitive background, lvp1 se5 double mutants were created using a se5 nonsense mutation in Nipponbare, the same genetic background as for the lvp1 mutant (see Supplemental Figure 6 online).…”

Section: Mutations In Sdg724 Delay Flowering Irrespective Of Photoperiodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY5 (SE5), the rice homolog of Arabidopsis HEME OXYGENASE1, encodes a key heme oxygenase involved in phytochrome chromophore biosynthesis (Izawa et al, 2000. SE5 acts as a floral repressor and delays heading date mainly through suppressing Ehd1 expression (Izawa, 2007b;Andrés et al, 2009). Rice MADS50, a homolog of the Arabidopsis gene SUPPRES-SOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1, is upstream of Ehd1 but works either parallel with or downstream of Os GI (Lee et al, 2004;Ryu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Histone Methyltransferase SDG724 Mediates H3K36me2/3 Deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and Promotes Flowering in Rice

et al. 2012

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Chromatin modifications affect flowering time in the long-day plant Arabidopsis thaliana, but the role of histone methylation in flowering time regulation of rice (Oryza sativa), a short-day plant, remains to be elucidated. We identified a late-flowering long vegetative phase1 (lvp1) mutant in rice and used map-based cloning to reveal that lvp1 affects the SET domain group protein 724 (SDG724). SDG724 functions as a histone methyltransferase in vitro and contributes to a major fraction of global histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) methylation in vivo. Expression analyses of flowering time genes in wild-type and lvp1 mutants revealed that Early heading date1, but not Heading date1, are misregulated in lvp1 mutants. In addition, the double mutant of lvp1 with photoperiod sensitivity5 (se5) flowered later than the se5 single mutant, indicating that lvp1 delays flowering time irrespective of photoperiod. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that lvp1 had reduced levels of H3K36me2/3 at MADS50 and RFT1. This suggests that the divergent functions of paralogs RFT1 and Hd3a, and of MADS50 and MADS51, are in part due to differential H3K36me2/3 deposition, which also correlates with higher expression levels of MADS50 and RFT1 in flowering promotion in rice.

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“…Upstream of these florigen genes, Heading date 1 (Hd1) and Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) function as two major floral signal integrators that receive multiple signals from other genes, including OsGIGANTEA (OsGI), Rice Indeterminate 1 (RID1; also known as OsID1/Ehd2), Early heading date 3 (Ehd3), OsMADS50, OsMADS51, Ghd7 (for Grain number, plant height, and heading date 7), DTH8 (for days to heading on chromosome 8), PHYB (PHYTOCHROME B), and SE5 (PHOTO-PERIOD SENSITIVITY 5), to regulate the expression of florigen genes (2,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Analyses of these flowering-time genes have given several hints about local adaptation in rice.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of functional nucleotide polymorphisms at DTH2 with the northward expansion of rice cultivation in Asia

Zheng

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

187

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Flowering time (i.e., heading date in crops) is an important ecological trait that determines growing seasons and regional adaptability of plants to specific natural environments. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a short-day plant that originated in the tropics. Increasing evidence suggests that the northward expansion of cultivated rice was accompanied by human selection of the heading date under noninductive long-day (LD) conditions. We report here the molecular cloning and characterization of DTH2 (for Days to heading on chromosome 2), a minor-effect quantitative trait locus that promotes heading under LD conditions. We show that DTH2 encodes a CONSTANS-like protein that promotes heading by inducing the florigen genes Heading date 3a and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1, and it acts independently of the known floral integrators Heading date 1 and Early heading date 1. Moreover, association analysis and transgenic experiments identified two functional nucleotide polymorphisms in DTH2 that correlated with early heading and increased reproductive fitness under natural LD conditions in northern Asia. Our combined population genetics and network analyses suggest that DTH2 likely represents a target of human selection for adaptation to LD conditions during rice domestication and/or improvement, demonstrating an important role of minor-effect quantitative trait loci in crop adaptation and breeding.

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Analysis of PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY5 Sheds Light on the Role of Phytochromes in Photoperiodic Flowering in Rice

Cited by 68 publications

References 35 publications

TheCOP1OrthologPPSRegulates the Juvenile–Adult and Vegetative–Reproductive Phase Changes in Rice

TheCOP1OrthologPPSRegulates the Juvenile–Adult and Vegetative–Reproductive Phase Changes in Rice

The Histone Methyltransferase SDG724 Mediates H3K36me2/3 Deposition at MADS50 and RFT1 and Promotes Flowering in Rice

Association of functional nucleotide polymorphisms at DTH2 with the northward expansion of rice cultivation in Asia

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