Analysis of industrial contaminants in indoor air. Part 2. Emergent contaminants and pesticides

Garcı́a-Jares, Carmen; Regueiro, Jorge; Barro, Ruth; Dagnac, Thierry; Llompart, Marı́a

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.020

Cited by 66 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(477 reference statements)

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“…Data from this study indicate that municipal drinking water represents only a small fraction of the integrated exposure to EDCs. Additionally, other EDCs, carcinogens, and particulates in air, known to be harmful to short‐term and long‐term human health (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyl, vast arrays of pesticides, diesel particulates), were not analyzed in this study but constitute a major threat to human health (Ashmore & Dimitroulopoulou, 2009; Garcia‐Jares et al, 2009; Zota et al, 2008; Sienra, 2006; Sidhu et al, 2005; Marklund et al, 2005). In sufficient concentration, some EDCs can affect the reproductive health of certain aquatic species (Kidd et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogenic activity of US drinking waters: A relative exposure comparison

Stanford¹,

Snyder²,

Trenholm³

et al. 2010

Journal AWWA

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This study demonstrates a relative exposure to estrogenic activity and other trace contaminants in drinking water compared with food, beverage, and air exposure. Drinking water for nearly 28 million people in 17 US cities plus 40 food and beverage items was screened for 51 trace contaminants, including suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, phytoestrogens, and total in vitro estrogenic activity. Only three drinking water samples exhibited measurable estrogenic activity (0.19–0.77 ng/L as estradiol equivalents), whereas 34 of the 40 food and beverage items had measurable estrogenic activity (median estradiol equivalents, 0.55–4,200 ng/L). On an adult, per‐serving basis, food and beverage intake of estrogenic activity was 4–21,000 times greater than in municipal drinking water. Of the literature studies available, air exposure for six suspected EDCs analyzed in this study resulted in at least 30–36,000 times the exposure from drinking water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogenic activity of US drinking waters: A relative exposure comparison

Stanford¹,

Snyder²,

Trenholm³

et al. 2010

Journal AWWA

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show abstract

“…These compounds have been also found in adipose human tissue, breast milk and human blood 4–8 and some are considered endocrine‐disrupting chemicals 9, 10. Because of their adverse effects on health and their potential bioaccumulation, PCPs are regarded as emerging organic contaminants 11, 12. The development of accurate methods for simultaneously determining more than one group of these contaminants and their degradation products is consequently of major interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of parabens and synthetic musks in water by stir‐bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry

Ramírez

Borrull

Marcé

2012

J of Separation Science

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This study focuses on a method for simultaneously determining personal care products in a wide range of polarities in different water matrices. The method is based on stir-bar sorptive extraction followed by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Prior to extraction, the parabens were acetylated to improve their affinity for the polydimethylsiloxane phase of the stir bar. The method showed good linearity, repeatability and reproducibility between days for all compounds and limits of detection at low ng/L levels (between 0.02 and 0.3 ng/L). The proposed method is also environmentally friendly, because it does not use organic solvents, and reduces the risk of external pollution, due to the minimal manipulation of the sample required. The method developed was successfully applied for the analysis of personal care products in different kinds of water matrices: influents and effluents of urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants, effluents of a reverse osmosis treatment plant and river waters. The influents of urban treatment plants generally showed the highest values for synthetic musks, with concentrations of up to 2219 ng/L of galaxolide, whereas the highest concentrations of parabens were detected in the industrial treatment plants influents.

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“…Average total particulate‐phase concentration was considerably high even just outside the workshop (6.4 ng/m 3 ) and at a downwind distance of 200 m away from the plant (2.4 ng/m 3 ). Garcia‐Jares et al. (2009) reviewed performance of the analytical techniques used for semi‐volatiles in terms of sample collection, pretreatment, extraction, clean‐up, and determination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic and nitro musks in indoor air: a primary school classroom and a women’s sport center

et al. 2010

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Indoor air gas and particulate-phase samples (PM 2.5 ) were collected from a primary school classroom and a womenÕs sport center because children are one of the sensitive population subgroups and women are frequent users of personal care products in addition to the high level of activity in this specific microenvironment. PM 2.5 was collected with a Harvard impactor, and polyurethane foam was used for the gas phase. Samples were ultrasonically extracted, concentrated, and analyzed with a GC-MS. The mean gas-phase concentrations in the classroom ranged from 0.12 ± 0.2 ng/m 3 for MK to 267 ± 56 ng/m 3 for HHCB, while it was from 0.08 ± 0.10 ng/m 3 for AHMI to 144 ± 61 ng/m 3 for HHCB in the sports center. Particulate-phase average concentrations in the sports center ranged from 0.22 ± 0.11 ng/m 3 for ATII to 1.34 ± 071 ng/m 3 for AHTN, while it ranged from 0.05 ± 0.02 ng/m 3 (musk xylene) to 2.50 ± 0.94 ng/m 3 (HHCB) in the classroom. Exposure-risk assessment showed that inhalation route is most probably far less significant than the dermal route; however, it should be noted that the exposure duration covered in this study was not the larger fraction of the day. Practical ImplicationsSynthetic musk compounds (SMCs) are found everywhere because their use in household and personal care products (laundry detergents, carpet cleaners, cleaning agents, fabric softener soaps, shampoos, cosmetics, etc.) has been increasing. These compounds are semi-volatiles that may result in direct and indirect exposures through inhalation route. Although SMCs were found to be dominant in the gas phase, exposure via inhalable particles may be important as we found several compounds in the particulate phase (PM 2.5 ).

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Analysis of industrial contaminants in indoor air. Part 2. Emergent contaminants and pesticides

Cited by 66 publications

References 152 publications

Estrogenic activity of US drinking waters: A relative exposure comparison

Estrogenic activity of US drinking waters: A relative exposure comparison

Simultaneous determination of parabens and synthetic musks in water by stir‐bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry

Polycyclic and nitro musks in indoor air: a primary school classroom and a women’s sport center

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