Analysis of inhomogeneity of mechanical properties in stainless steel rods after drawing

Sadok, L.; Łuksza, J.; Majta, Janusz; Skołyszewski, A.

doi:10.1016/0924-0136(94)90355-7

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The findings indicate that small area reductions and large die angles increase the effective strain near the workpiece surface, thereby increasing redundant deformation factors and causing more inhomogeneous deformation in the workpiece. Similar results have been reported by Sadok et al [5,7] in analyzing strain inhomogeneity of drawn stainless steel rods. Chin and Steif [1] showed that the primary factors affecting strain inhomogeneity are area reduction and die angle, whereas the effect of strain hardening and friction is less significant.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…This distribution phenomenon occurs more readily in the drawing of small reductions and large die angles. No satisfactory explanation has yet been given for the slight decrease in effective strain on the workpiece surface [1][2][3][4] or in the corresponding hardness measurement [5]. It has been widely recognized that friction and redundant work are caused by the drawing die, and the commonly held belief is that the highest strain values will occur on the workpiece surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of bulge formation on strain inhomogeneity in axi-symmetric metal drawing of light reductions

Lin

Hsu

2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Bulge formation occurs in drawing with light reductions and large die angles. Reports concerning its effect on strain inhomogeneity in axi-symmetric drawing are limited. In this study, bulge formation is characterized by the occurrence of outward radial velocities in the finite element analysis. Strain distributions, including axial, radial, circumferential, shear, and effective strains, were analyzed to explain the effect of bulge formation on strain inhomogeneity. Hardness tests for the drawing experiment were conducted to verify the findings of the FE simulation. Optical microscopy of the microstructures produced by drawing under both a near homogeneous condition and a bulging condition was performed. The results indicate that bulging causes a peak in the axial strain distribution near the drawn workpiece's surface, leading to a slight fall-off of effective strain on the surface. The peak is caused by the excessive redundant deformation of a local reversion from compressive to tensile axial strain. The strain peak is greater when drawing with light reductions and large die angles and becomes more noticeable with small strain-hardening exponents or large friction factors. Bulge formation also causes fibrous flow lines near the surface of the drawn workpiece.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bulge formation on strain inhomogeneity in axi-symmetric metal drawing of light reductions

Lin

Hsu

2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…Essa parcela de deformação, que em conjunto com a deformação externa ou geométrica constitui a deformação efetiva na trefilação, é decrescente da superfície para o centro da peça, podendo levar à ocorrência de perfis de deformação heterogêneos ao final do processo. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) Em geral, associada a essa distribuição não uniforme de deformação, verifica-se também heterogeneidade nas propriedades mecânicas ulteriores do material trefilado, (3,5,6) fenômeno que poderá influenciar tanto na aplicação final da peça como em etapas de processamento subseqüentes a serem realizadas, também por trefilação ou através de outras operações de fabricação.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Análise Da Deformação Residual Uniforme De Barras De Cobre E Alumínio Trefiladas Em Um Passe

Corrêa,

Aguilar,

Cetlin

2009

ABM Proceedings

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ResumoNeste trabalho, foi analisada a possibilidade de prever a ductilidade de barras de cobre e alumínio previamente trefiladas em um passe a partir do comportamento mecânico dos metais recozidos. Foram consideradas nove condições de operação, combinação de três semi-ângulos de fieira e três reduções de área. Testes de tração foram realizados nos metais trefilados, levando à obtenção dos valores de alongamento e, consequentemente, de deformação uniforme. Ensaios similares foram conduzidos nos materiais recozidos. Um modelo teórico para a determinação da deformação residual, foi apresentado, elaborado a partir dos dados do material recozido, e confrontado com os resultados obtidos experimentalmente. O modelo exibiu dados distintos daqueles obtidos experimentalmente, inferiores ou superiores, de acordo com o metal e as condições de trefilação, mesmo substituindo a deformação externa pela deformação média na trefilação, indicando que outros fatores devem ser considerados na previsão do comportamento mecânico dos metais.

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“…The strain distribution in the drawn-bar cross sections has the surface material harden, according to the arrows starting at A and B, respectively, and conforming to the pure-tension been determined through microhardness measurements, [12] visioplasticity, [17] and numerical predictions usually employing curve ( Figure 6(b)). Taking the rod surface regions and strain-path effects the finite element method (FEM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the strain path on the work hardening of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels in axisymmetric drawing

Cetlin

Corrêa

Aguilar

2003

Metall Mater Trans A

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The work-hardening characteristics of metals deeply affect the analytical and numerical analyses of their forming processes and especially the end mechanical properties of the products manufactured. The effects of strain, strain rate, and temperature on work hardening have received wide attention in the literature, but the role of the strain path has been far less studied, except for sheet-metal forming. Strain-path effects seem to have never been analyzed for bulk-forming processes, such as axisymmetric drawing. In the present work, drawn bars were considered as composed of concentric layers strained along varying strain paths. The tensile von Mises effective stress, effective-strain curves of two layers and of the full cross section of the drawn material, were experimentally determined. The flow behavior of these regions was compared to that resulting from pure monotonic-tensile processing. The AISI 420 and 304 stainless steels revealed a strain path and a material effect on their work-hardening characteristics. Higher or lower hardening rates were observed in axisymmetric drawing, as compared to pure tension. These phenomena were interpreted by considering the dislocation arrangements caused by initial drawing straining and their subsequent restructuring, associated with the strain-path change represented by tension after drawing. The analytical and numerical analyses of the tensile behavior of metals following axisymmetric drawing must consider the strain-path effects on the constitutive equations laws and on the hardening behavior of the material. The redundant deformation factor in axisymmetric drawing ( ) plays a central role in the analysis of the process and on the prediction of the mechanical properties of the final products. This parameter was evaluated considering (a) the strain distribution in the bar cross section caused by drawing or (b) the mechanical properties of the drawn bars. The comparison of the results from these two approaches allowed an unexplained interpretation of a material effect on this parameter.

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Analysis of inhomogeneity of mechanical properties in stainless steel rods after drawing

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of bulge formation on strain inhomogeneity in axi-symmetric metal drawing of light reductions

Effect of bulge formation on strain inhomogeneity in axi-symmetric metal drawing of light reductions

Análise Da Deformação Residual Uniforme De Barras De Cobre E Alumínio Trefiladas Em Um Passe

The effect of the strain path on the work hardening of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels in axisymmetric drawing

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