Under the consideration of the factors: strip cold hardening, slip adhesive characteristics, roll elastic flattening and elastic recovery of rolled strip, this paper establishes rolling thermal calculation model of aluminum strip cold rolling process. Study the rolling thermal generation situation when aluminum alloy rolling with different specifications and in different pass. In addition analyze the impact on rolling thermal generation with different rolling load, friction coefficient, forward and backward tension, rolling speed and work roll diameter. Conduct the simulated calculation of three 5052 alloy passes rolling parameters. Comparing with the actual measured values, the calculated result errors are within ±5%. Confirm that the friction coefficient and rolling speed are the main factors affecting the rolling thermal generation, based on the study on the impacts of forward and backward tension, friction coefficient, rolling speed, diameter of rolled strip on rolling thermal generation. The aluminum strip cold rolling thermal generation model established on this paper is helpful on the thermal generation calculation during the rolling process, which provides the theoretical basis and data support for the establishment of high-strength aluminum strip flatness setting model and the control model of work roll spray cooling.