Analysis of Interstitial Elements in Niobium with Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)

Maheshwari, P.; Stevie, F. A.; Myeneni, G.; Ciovati, G.; Rigsbee, J. M.; Griffis, D. P.

doi:10.1063/1.3579233

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Until recently (~2013) it was believed elements such as H, C, O and N were contaminants in SRF Nb to be avoided at high cost. [1,2,3,4,5] However, extensive evidence from cavity processing and testing indicates that introduction of small amounts of nitrogen and perhaps other interstitials can markedly improve energy efficiency, as characterized by quality factor Q 0 . [6,7,8,9,10] Difficulties encountered in current efforts to implement doping technology for the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS II) suggest that deeper understanding is needed.…”

Section: Motivation For Work With Srf Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary ion mass spectrometry for superconducting radiofrequency cavity materials

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Pudasaini

Stevie

et al. 2018

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Historically, many advances in superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities destined for use in advanced particle accelerators have come empirically, through the iterative procedure of modifying processing and then performance testing. However, material structure is directly responsible for performance. Understanding, the link between processing, structure, and performance will streamline and accelerate the research process. In order to connect processing, structure, and performance, accurate and robust materials characterization methods are needed. Here one such method, SIMS, is discussed with focus on analysis of SRF materials. In addition, several examples are presented, showing how SIMS is being used to further understanding of materials based SRF technologies.

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Section: Motivation For Work With Srf Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary ion mass spectrometry for superconducting radiofrequency cavity materials

Tuggle

Pudasaini

Stevie

et al. 2018

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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“…Such experimental setups are expensive and appear to make these techniques relatively less commonly used for material characterization, but they are nevertheless commercially available. They are frequently used to verify, complement, and help quantify analyses made by other, more easily accessible methods (see, e.g., [37,52,61,83,84,92]).…”

Section: Nuclear Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is often combined with ERDA to get more complete information. Hydrogen analysis by NRA in metals has involved, e.g., Al/Cu/Ag/Au multilayers [101], Mg/Ni films [102], tantalum [107], Zr/Cu/Al glassy alloys [108], and deuterium in W and WO 3 layers [61], in niobium [84,92], and beryllium [110]. Concerning semiconductors, NRA has been used, e.g., to analyze hydrogen in a-Si:H [37,111], silicon carbide [112], and silicon nitride [113].…”

Section: Nuclear Reaction Analysis (Nra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hydrogen in Inorganic Materials and Coatings: A Critical Review

Weiss

2021

Hydrogen

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The currently used bulk analysis and depth profiling methods for hydrogen in inorganic materials and inorganic coatings are reviewed. Bulk analysis of hydrogen is based on fusion of macroscopic samples in an inert gas and the detection of the thereby released gaseous H2 using inert gas fusion (IGF) and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). They offer excellent accuracy and sensitivity. Depth profiling methods involve glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (GDOES and GDMS), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), and elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA). The principles of all these methods are explained in terms of the methodology, calibration procedures, analytical performance, and major application areas. The synergies and the complementarity of various methods of hydrogen analysis are described. The existing literature about these methods is critically evaluated, and major papers concerning each method are listed.

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“…While the mechanism of NbC formation is still under investigation, combinations of strain and annealing reproducibly produced carbon and NbC clusters, more readily so in samples that received chemical polish. The affinity of carbon for linear defects [21,22] might be important for this process. The present study is novel in that high-resolution TEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) have been coupled to study these excess C patches.…”

Section: Identification Of Niobium Carbide Inclusions By Tem and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant two-phonon Raman scattering from nanoscale NbC precipitates in Nb

et al. 2015

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High purity niobium (Nb), subjected to the processing methods used in the fabrication of superconducting RF cavities, displays micron-sized surface patches containing excess carbon.High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy measurements are presented which reveal the presence of nanoscale NbC coherent precipitates in such regions. Raman backscatter spectroscopy on similar surface regions exhibit spectra consistent with the literature results on bulk NbC but with significantly enhanced two-phonon scattering. The unprecedented strength and sharpness of the two-phonon signal has prompted a theoretical analysis, using density functional theory (DFT), of phonon modes in NbC for two different interface models of the coherent precipitate. One model leads to overall compressive strain and a comparison to ab-initio calculations of phonon dispersion curves under uniform compression of the NbC shows that the measured two-phonon peaks are linked directly to phonon anomalies arising from strong electron-phonon interaction. Another model of the extended interface between Nb and NbC, studied by DFT, gives insight into the frequency shifts of the acoustic and optical mode density of states measured by first order Raman. The exact origin of the stronger two-phonon response is not known at present but it suggests the possibility of enhanced electron-phonon coupling in transition metal carbides under strain found either in the bulk NbC inclusions or at their interfaces with Nb metal. Preliminary tunneling studies using a point contact method show some energy gaps larger than expected for bulk NbC.

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Analysis of Interstitial Elements in Niobium with Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Secondary ion mass spectrometry for superconducting radiofrequency cavity materials

Secondary ion mass spectrometry for superconducting radiofrequency cavity materials

Analysis of Hydrogen in Inorganic Materials and Coatings: A Critical Review

Giant two-phonon Raman scattering from nanoscale NbC precipitates in Nb

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