Analysis of Isoflavone, Phenolic, Soyasapogenol, and Tocopherol Compounds in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Germplasms of Different Seed Weights and Origins

Abstract

The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique was applied to quantify nutrients (Mg, Ca, Na, and K) in spinach and rice and to discriminate pesticide-contaminated products in a rapid manner. Standard reference materials (spinach leaves and unpolished rice flour) were used to establish a relationship between LIBS intensity and the concentration of each element (Mg, Ca, Na, and K) (i.e., calibration line). The limits of detection (LODs) for Mg, Ca, Na, and K were found to be 29.63, 102.65, 36.36, and 44.46 mg/kg in spinach and 7.54, 1.76, 4.19, and 6.70 mg/kg in unpolished rice, respectively. Concentrations of those nutrient elements present in spinach and unpolished rice from a local market were determined by using the calibration lines and compared with those measured with ICP-OES, showing good agreement. The data also suggested that the LIBS technique with the chemometric method (PLS-DA) could be a great tool to distinguish pesticide-contaminated samples from pesticide-free samples in a rapid manner even though they have similar elemental compositions. Misclassification rates were found to be 0 and 2% for clean spinach and pesticide-contaminated spinach, respectively, by applying the PLS-DA model established from the training set of data to predict the classes of test samples.

Isoflavone profile diversity in Korean wild soybeans ( Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.)

“…Soy-isoflavone profiles of 346 Korean wild soybeans were compared and all six types of soy-isoflavones were detected. Korean soybeans have been previously reported to have a higher soy-isoflavone content (Lee et al, 2003Kim et al, 2012). Minimum and maximum total soyisoflavone content in Korean wild soybean accession seeds in our study was respectively 0.50 and 5.51 mg/g, which is quite close to previous studies on small-sized Korean soybeans (i.e.…”

“…Minimum and maximum total soyisoflavone content in Korean wild soybean accession seeds in our study was respectively 0.50 and 5.51 mg/g, which is quite close to previous studies on small-sized Korean soybeans (i.e. 0.81 to 4.78 mg/g; Kim et al, 2012). Korean soybeans have been shown to have a wider distribution of soy-isoflavone content (1.88 to 9.49 mg/g; Lee et al, 2003).…”

“…In this study, genistin was the most abundant soy-isoflavone, followed by daidzin and glycitin; however, in previous reports a similar trend was observed . In contrast, different trends have also been reported (Kim et al, 2012).…”

Phytoestrogens in foods on the Nordic market

“…Apparently, the genetic constitution of the soybean is one of many factors that may influence the isoflavone content in the bean (Eldridge & Kwolek, 1983;Wang & Murphy, 1994a;Carrao-Panizzi & Kitamura, 1995;Tsukamoto et al, 1995;Aussenac et al, 1998;Hoeck et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2003a;Mebrahtu et al, 2004;Seguin et al, 2004;Primomo et al, 2005;Riedl et al, 2007;Morrison et al, 2008;Tepavčevič et al, 2010;Berman et al, 2009Berman et al, , 2010Berman et al, , 2011Zhang et al, 2012;Mo et al, 2013). Kim et al (2012) compared the isoflavone content of 204 soybean germplasms from America, China, and Korea, classified into three groups based on 100-seed weight: small seeded (<13 g), medium seeded (13-24 g), and large seeded (>24 g) varieties. Small soybean seeds are commonly used for soybean sprout production, and medium and large seeds are used for soybean curd, soy milk, cooking with rice or vegetables, and various soybean pastes.…”

Variation of Saponin Content in Korean Native Soybean Landraces Reintroduced from USA to Korea

“…지금까지 대표적인 콩 항암물질인 isoflavone에 대한 중 요성이 부각되어 왔으나 최근에는 콩 saponin에 대한 관심도 국내외적으로 매우 증가되고 있다. 국내외적으로 콩 saponin 에 대한 연구결과가 많이 보고되고 있지만 (Kim, et al, 2012b;Han, 2011;Tsukamoto et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2006aKim et al, , 2006cKim, 2003) Table 3. Maximum, minimum, mean value and standard deviation of saponin contents in 293 Korean soybean landraces.…”