Analysis of macular blood flow changes in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy

Zhang, Xiaohan; Liu, Wangyuan; Zhang, Zhaode; Dai, Jinhui; Zhang, Jinfeng; Lin, Lingli

doi:10.1186/s12886-022-02716-0

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It characterized retinal microvascular network changes before the current detection approach, which might enable further understanding of the pathogenesis of TAO. In patients with TAO, significant increases were found in macular and foveal vascular density and perfusion densities, while a significant decrease was found in the foveal avascular zone area when compared with the control group 21 . Furthermore, in TAO patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), the total peripapillary vessel density and RNFL thickness were significantly lower than those without DON 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In patients with TAO, significant increases were found in macular and foveal vascular density and perfusion densities, while a significant decrease was found in the foveal avascular zone area when compared with the control group. 21 Furthermore, in TAO patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), the total peripapillary vessel density and RNFL thickness were significantly lower than those without DON. 22 Since the IOP was higher in the DON group than other groups, high IOP should be as a risk factor for decreased retinal vessel and RNFL thickness in TAO patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retinal Photograph-based Deep Learning System for Detection of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Jiang,

Dong,

Luo

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Background: The diagnosis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) usually requires a comprehensive examination, including clinical symptoms, radiological examinations, and blood tests. Therefore, cost-effective and noninvasive methods for the detection of TAO are needed. This study aimed to establish a deep learning-based system to detect TAO based on retinal photographs. Materials and methods: The multicenter observational study included retinal photographs taken from TAO patients and normal participants in 2 hospitals in China. Forty-five-degree retinal photographs, centered on the midpoint between the optic disc and the macula, were captured by trained ophthalmologists. The authors first trained a convolutional neural network model to identify TAO using data collected from one hospital. After internal validation, the model was further evaluated in another hospital as an external validation data set. Results: The study included 1182 retinal photographs of 708 participants for model development, and 365 retinal photographs (189 participants) were obtained as the external validation data set. In the internal validation, the area under the receiver operator curve was 0.900 (95% CI: 0.889–0.910) and the accuracy was 0.860 (95% CI: 0.849–0.869). In the external data set, the model reached an area under the curve of 0.747 (95% CI: 0.728–0.763) and achieved an accuracy of 0.709 (95% CI: 0.690–0.724). Conclusions: Deep learning-based systems may be promising for identifying TAO in normal subjects using retinal fundus photographs. It may serve as a cost-effective and noninvasive method to detect TAO in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Photograph-based Deep Learning System for Detection of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Jiang,

Dong,

Luo

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Theoretically, systemic hypertension can increase retinal VD in patients with TAO [ 25 ], and pulse pressure is related to retinal VD [ 6 ]. In addition, TAO orbital inflammatory changes also lead to increased blood flow velocity in most patients with TAO, but in the advanced stage of TAO, the compression caused by the denaturation and fibrosis of orbital muscle and adipose tissue can reduce retinal blood flow density [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intraorbital Mechanical Compression on Retinal Microvascular Perfusion in Quiescent Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy Based on Ocular Biomechanics Measured by Corvis ST

Fang,

Zhou,

Qian

et al. 2024

Ophthalmol Ther

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Introduction To analyze the correlation between orbital compliance and retinal vessel density (VD) based on dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer (Corvis ST) and optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCT-A). Methods In this prospective observational study, 65 eyes of 44 patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) in quiescent stage were included (15 males and 29 females). The whole eye movement (WEM) was detected by Corvis ST. The superficial capillary plexus VD (SCP-VD) and deep capillary plexus VD (DCP-VD) were obtained by scanning the 3 × 3 mm area around the fovea using OCT-A, while the peripapillary vessel density (ppVD) was obtained by scanning the 4.5 × 4.5 mm area around the optic disk. Covariances including biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (bIOP), axial length, age and gender were adjusted during data analysis. Results The mean WEM of the participants was 0.235 ± 0.066 mm. The mean SCP-VD and DCP-VD in whole image were 46.20% ± 3.77% and 50.51% ± 3.96%; the mean whole pp-VD was 49.75% ± 2.01%. WEM was positively correlated with SCP-VD ( r = 0.327, p = 0.01) and the whole pp-VD ( r = 0.394, p < 0.01) after adjusting by gender, axial length (AL), age and bIOP, but it was not significantly correlated with DCP-VD ( r = 0.072 p = 0.581). Conclusion Increase in orbital pressure might reduce retinal microvascular perfusion. Our data suggest orbital mechanical compression may be an important cause of retinal VD changes in quiescent patients with TAO.

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“…15,16 By detecting compromised perfusion sites in both superficial and deep capillary plexi, OCTA also offers valuable depth information regarding the severity of impaired perfusion. 17 Consequently, OCTA has gained widespread usage in the diagnosis of several diseases, including optic neuritis, 18 Alzheimer’s disease, 19 diabetic retinopathy, 20 thyroidrelated ophthalmopathy, 21 and Parkinson’s disease. 22 In light of its noninvasive nature and clinical viability, OCTA was chosen as the preferred retinal imaging technique over FFA to examine alterations in retinal and choroidal thickness as well as vascular density among SLE patients in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in retinal and choroidal thickness and vascular density in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography

Liu,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Lupus

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Objective The aim was to investigate the changes in retinal and choroidal thickness and vascular density in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods Twenty-nine patients with SLE (29 eyes) and 25 control subjects (25 eyes) were enrolled. SLE activity was assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Retinal thickness (RT), inner retinal thickness (IRT), outer retinal thickness (ORT), choroidal thickness (ChT), retinal superficial vascular density (SVD), retinal deep vascular density (DVD), choriocapillary vascular density (CCVD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial FAZ (sFAZ), and deep FAZ (dFAZ) were measured using OCTA. The retinal and choroidal thickness and vascular density between the control group and SLE group were compared. The relationships between SLEDAI scores and the retinal and choroidal thickness and vascular density in SLE group were analyzed. Results The SVD was significantly increased, and the DVD and CCVD were significantly decreased in the SLE group compared to the control group ( p < .05). The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) showed that the area under the curve (AUC) values of SVD, DVD, and CCVD were 0.873, 0.729, and 0.727, indicating a high accuracy in discriminating patients with SLE from controls. Correlation analysis showed that the SLEDAI scores were positively correlated with dFAZ ( r = 0.589, p = .001) and FAZ ( r = 0.451, p = .018), and negatively correlated with DVD ( r = −0.491, p = .009) and CCVD ( r = −0.521, p = .005). Conclusions DVD and CCVD were decreased in the SLE and might be related to the disease activity. SVD, DVD, and CCVD may hold promise in the discovery of biomarkers for diagnosing SLE.

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Analysis of macular blood flow changes in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Retinal Photograph-based Deep Learning System for Detection of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Retinal Photograph-based Deep Learning System for Detection of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Effect of Intraorbital Mechanical Compression on Retinal Microvascular Perfusion in Quiescent Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy Based on Ocular Biomechanics Measured by Corvis ST

Changes in retinal and choroidal thickness and vascular density in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography

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