Analysis of Membrane Filters and Thick Fly Ash Samples by PIXE

“…The PIXE results were corrected for the deposit thickness and particle size effects from comparison of results at two different proton energies, from comparison with the INAA results and from information on deposit masses. The details of both methods used for elemental analyses have previously been reported elsewhere ( − ). In addition, several samples of submicron ashes were analyzed by ion chromatography.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Solid Emissions from Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Combustion of Two Czech Lignites

Smolik

Schwarz

Veselý

et al. 1999

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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We investigated composition and morphology of solid residues (fine and coarse fly ashes and bottom ash) from atmospheric fluidized-bed combustion (AFBC) of two Czech lignites that are currently used or that will likely be used for generating energy in Czech thermal power plants. The experiments were carried out on an experimental-scale 100 kW AFBC boiler using ash as a material of the bed. Coarse fly ashes were collected by a process cyclone; fine fly ashes were separated by a low-pressure Berner impactor. The elemental composition of fly ashes was examined by using INAA and PIXE and, for some samples, also by using ion chromatography. Morphology of ashes was investigated by SEM. The fine particles were found to be spherical or smooth aggregates; they were formed by alkaline-earth and alkali metal sulfates, substantially enriched by volatile trace elements. The coarse particles, both spherical and irregular in shape, were formed by partially transformed mineral inclusions remaining after burn out of organic matter. The results indicate that reducing the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas may reduce the emission of fine particles.

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“…A Filter 204×254 mm, B half-filter 115×180 mm with air particulate matter (APM) deposit for AAS analysis, C samples 32×40 mm with APM deposit for INAA and PIXE analyses acteristic X-rays were measured using a high resolution planar Si(Li) detector at a 50 mm sample-to-detector distance. For the X-ray spectra evaluation, a programme package PIXE-NPI [11] was used. Other details on analysis, matrix effect corrections and the PIXE set-up have been described elsewhere [12,13].…”

Section: Analytical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality control materials for the determination of trace elements in airborne particulate matter

et al. 2002

Self Cite

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The development of quality control materials for the determination of selected trace elements in air pollution studies is described. Three types of test samples were prepared for proficiency testing: (1) filters loaded with PM10 fraction of urban air particulate matter (APM) using high-volume air samplers, which were subsequently divided into smaller sections, (2) a bulk sample of APM collected in an automobile tunnel in Prague, and (3) simulated air filters loaded with APM using a wet deposition process. Homogeneity of the test samples was studied using instrumental neutron activation analysis, proton induced X-ray emission and atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and mass spectrometry. Sufficiently homogeneous samples were prepared by all three procedures. The simulated air filters appeared to be the most suitable test samples for proficiency testing.

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Analysis of Membrane Filters and Thick Fly Ash Samples by PIXE

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

RBS and PIXE characterisation of Nd: KGW waveguiding films

RBS and PIXE characterisation of Nd: KGW waveguiding films

Characterization of Solid Emissions from Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Combustion of Two Czech Lignites

Quality control materials for the determination of trace elements in airborne particulate matter

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