Analysis of methodological bases of energy-economic assessment of agricultural technologies and projects

Abstract

The article shows that the urgency of the fuel and energy problem determines the need for rational energy consumption in all sectors of the economy, including agriculture. A comprehensive cross-sectoral approach is needed to address the issues of systematic management of energy saving in agriculture and to justify rational measures of economic support for the introduction of energy-saving technologies, machines, and projects on the part of the state. It is shown that the energy-economic (bioenergetic) estimation method meets these requirements.. The main advantage of the energy-economic assessment is that its application makes it possible to compare in single units of measurement (regardless of the historical period or the state, the current market situation) the costs of cultivating plants or servicing animals with the results of production and is mainly of national strategic importance. An approach to improving the methodology of energy-economic assessment of agricultural technologies and projects when using renewable energy sources in technological processes is presented. It is proved that in order to ensure the reliability of the energy-economic assessment in connection with the constant technological and organizational changes and the digitalization of technology and the economy, it is necessary to continue research in the direction of improving the methodology for assessing, clarifying and regularly updating energy equivalents.

Cavitation technology for the production of bionutrients from coprolites and evaluation of their effectiveness

“…In the process of cavitation treatment, the energy released during the collapse of cavitation bubbles is used to break chemical bonds between atoms of large molecules of humic compounds caused by the physical destruction of molecules and the ionization process. As a result of these processes, activated particles accumulate in the system: radicals, ions, ion-radical formations [1][2][3] At the last stage, the colloidal suspension of humates is mixed with trace elements and natural biologically active substances or their synthetic analogues, for example, well-known natural auxins and gibberlins or their organomineral analogues (1-chloromethylsilatran, mival), as well as essential trace elements that are key for this culture.…”

“…It is difficult to ensure an increase in the level of food and environmental security, the need for efficient use of energy and mineral resources without the biologization of crop production [1][2][3].…”

“…For many years, this problem has been solved by combining chemical and physical effects on products containing humic substances: coal, peat, sapropel [5,7 ]. A number of researchers have come to solve the problem of stabilizing the properties of humic substances by obtaining biohumus by accelerated biotechnological means in the process of processing organic animal waste by annelids into coprolites (biohumus) [2,3]. But even this does not completely solve the problem of the dimensionality of humic substances.…”

Методические Основы Экономической Оценки Энергосберегательной Оснащенности Сельского Хозяйства

“…Актуальность топливно-энергетической проблемы, по мнению многих ученых и аграриев, в том числе (Shirokov, Tikhnenko, 2021), определяет необходимость рационального энергопотребления во всех отраслях экономики, в том числе и в сельском хозяйстве. Для решения проблем систематического управления энергосбережением в сельском хозяйстве и рационализации национальных мер финансовой поддержки энергосберегающих технологий, машин и проектов необходим межсекторальный, комплексный подход.…”

Reducing the dose of mineral fertilizers using organomineral bionutrients

“…However, not everything is so simple here. Russia already had an experience of intensive chemicalization of agriculture in the 1980s, which led to an aggravation of the medical and environmental situation in the country [1,2].…”