Analysis of Methods for Extracting Matrix Proteins from Human Kidney Stones

Abstract

Five techniques for the extraction of proteins from kidney stones were compared for the purpose of maximizing yield for mass spec analysis. The proteomics of kidney stones may provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of stone formation and why some people are more prone to developing kidney stones than others. Kidney stones contain proteins that may serve as markers for a wide variety of disease states. Mass spectrometry offers the ability to identify and quantify the complete proteome of a kidney stone. To date, there have been only a limited number of research projects aimed at studying the protein composition of kidney stones, possibly due to the difficulty in extracting these proteins while preserving the ability to subject the samples to mass spectrometry. We compared five methods for extracting kidney stone matrix proteins, three from previously published studies and two methods we designed based on previous studies. We were able to establish which methods produced the highest yield of protein for both calcium oxalate and uric acid stones.

Insights into association between urolithiasis and prostate cancer

“…Rest of them include β 2-microglobulin (found in CaOx and UA stones only) while ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) are not present in any of them. Not all but some of them are only found in matrix and in fact present in all stone types but their amount can vary stone to stone type wherein these proteins are found attached to albumin [13,33].…”

“…Urolithiasis has posed itself as a universal health issue. This new era has already given approaches which are far less invasive but the rate of recurrence has proved the advancement inadequate for the urolithiasis prevention [13]. Despite other lifestyle reasons, it may be possible that some urolithiasis genes and their polymorphisms are associated in developing PCa also [1].…”