Analysis of Microcrystalline Waxes by Gas-Liquid Chromatography

Ludwig, F. John.

doi:10.1021/ac60232a025

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Mineral oils can contain n-alkanes with over 60 carbon atoms (Denekas et af 1951 ;Ludwig 1965), but those with less than 40 carbon atoms are more typical. There is no odd carbon predominance, and the distribution of the nalkanes characterises a crude oil or its fractions * To whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The composition and concentration of n‐alkanes in retail samples of edible oils

McGill¹,

Moffat²,

Mackie³

et al. 1993

J Sci Food Agric

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A range of edible oils were purchased from a variety of retail outlets and analysed for their n-alkane (c::) content. The concentrations ranged from 7 to 166 mg kg-', the lowest being walnut oil and the highest sunflower oil. n-Alkanes with chain lengths of C,,, C,, and C,, predominated in all of the plant oils except olive oil where C,,, C,, and C,, were the most significant. The results of this pilot survey suggest that the n-alkanes are indigenous and that their composition may be useful in characterising a specific plant seed oil. Two of the 42 samples analysed showed markedly different alkane patterns in which profiles similar to petroleumbased sources dominated the contribution from odd carbon n-alkanes typical of seed oils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The composition and concentration of n‐alkanes in retail samples of edible oils

McGill¹,

Moffat²,

Mackie³

et al. 1993

J Sci Food Agric

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“…T h e normal alkanes or normal paraffins are widely distributed in nature in the waxy coatings associated with the leaves, fruits, and nuts of many different plants; in coatings and secretions of various forms of animal life (Douglas and Eglinton, 1966;Gerarde, 1961, 1962;Kolattukudy, 1968;Ora et al, 1965); and in many fractions of petroleum, shale oils, tars, and coals (Ludwig, 1965;Martin e t al., 1963;Raude and Eisen, 1966;Tanaka et al, 1928). The normal alkanes are important constituents of most petroleum waxes and major components of the lower molecular weight waxes commonly known as paraffin (Carpenter, 1926;Dean, 1966;Edwards, 1958;Hatt and Lamberton, 1956;LeMaire, 1957;Ludwig, 1965;Maaee, 1960;Minchin, 1948;Schneider and Heymer, 1963).…”

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confidence: 99%

Normal Alkanes

Turner¹

1971

Product R&D

167

100

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He holds a B.S. in chemistry from the University of Pennsylvania and is coauthor of several papers dealing with composition, properties, and behavior of petroleum waxes.In addition to waxes his interests include petrochemicals, polymers, and synthetic nutrients. He is a member of the American Chemical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Franklin Institute and a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemists.

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“…n-Paraffin content of the two crude petrolatums and the unfinished and finished microcrystalline waxes was determined using urea adducting analysis (Ludwig, 1965).…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of Microcrystalline Waxes from Local Crude Petrolatums using Solvent–Antisolvent Mixtures

Saber

Zaky

2004

Petroleum Science and Technology

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In order to separate and characterize the microcrystalline waxes from Suez and Alexandria crude petrolatums, multistage fractional crystallization technique has been used to fractionate Suez crude petrolatum by using n-hexane as a single solvent at different fractionating temperatures ranging from 20 to À20 C and at two different dilution and washing solvent ratios. Suez and Alexandria crude petrolatums were subjected also to multistage fractional crystallizations with solvent mixture at ambient temperature of 20 C and at fixed dilution and washing solvent ratios of 4:1 and 2:1 by weight, respectively. The solvent mixture composed of n-hexane as the main solvent and different percentages of absolute ethyl alcohol ORDER REPRINTS (ranging from 10 to 50 wt.%) as antisolvent. The solvent to feed ratios of dilution and washing were studied in the range of 2:1 to 8:1 and 2:1 to 6:1 by weight, respectively. Finally, one stage fractional crystallization has been done at the most suitable conditions to separate the microcrystalline waxes from Suez and Alexandria crude petrolatums followed by finishing via percolation in molten state through an activated bauxite column. The resulting finished microcrystalline waxes are evaluated according to the standard specifications of microcrystalline waxes, molecular type composition, degree of crystallinity, and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

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Analysis of Microcrystalline Waxes by Gas-Liquid Chromatography

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

The composition and concentration of n‐alkanes in retail samples of edible oils

The composition and concentration of n‐alkanes in retail samples of edible oils

Normal Alkanes

Separation of Microcrystalline Waxes from Local Crude Petrolatums using Solvent–Antisolvent Mixtures

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