Analysis of Microgrid Operation in Stand-Alone Mode - Sustainable Smart Tourist Village Case Study

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse the stand-alone operation of the microgrid located in Umoljani, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analysis was performed for two scenarios; one representing a summer day and the other a winter day. The analysed network was modelled using the DIgSilent PowerFactory. The Photovoltaic (PV) system, Wind Generator (WG) and battery sizing were performed using the HOMER software tool. The load data for the location was obtained from JP Elektroprivreda Bosne i Hercegovine. The analysis showed that the network was able to operate in stand-alone mode. Voltage levels were under the voltage limit defined by EN 50160. Line loading was decreased compared to loading in grid-connected mode. As given by the obtained results for the two scenarios, the consumer demand could be satisfied without the inclusion of WG. However, different input data (wind speed data measured on the location) could change the sizing of the production facilities as the results of the optimization calculations in HOMER, which needs to be considered in microgrid configuration.

Cyberattacks in Smart Grids: Challenges and Solving the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Cybersecurity Options, Including Ones That Incorporate Artificial Intelligence, Using an Analytical Hierarchy Process

“…Smart grids operate in two distinct modes: stand-alone and grid-tied [129,130]. In standalone mode, the smart grid functions independently, generating and managing electricity locally, often in remote areas, using sources such as solar and wind, along with energy storage [131]. In grid-tied mode, the smart grid is interconnected with the main power grid, enabling bidirectional electricity flow and supporting stability through imports and exports of power.…”