Analysis of molecular resistance to azole and echinocandin in Candida species in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis

Lotfali, Ensieh; Erami, Mahzad; Fattahi, Mohammad; Nemati, Houshang; Ghasemi, Zahra; Mahdavi, Elham

doi:10.18502/cmm.8.2.10326

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To identify the suspected A. baumannii colonies, the 16S-23SrRNA gene intergenic spacer (ITS) region and bla OXA-51-like carbapenemase gene were amplified, as described previously [ 20 ]. In addition, for confirmation of the Candida albicans complex colonies, the hwp1 gene was also amplified as described previously [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus respiratory tract superinfections among patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary-care hospital in Tehran, Iran

Mobarak-Qamsari,

Jenaghi,

Sahebi

et al. 2023

Eur J Med Res

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Background The emergence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) or superinfections in COVID-19 patients has resulted in poor prognosis and increased mortality. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 101 respiratory samples were collected from ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. The HAI rate, demographics, and antibiotic resistance were assessed. Results The HAI rate was 83.16% (76.62% bacterial and 6.54% fungal). The prevalence of 3 major HAI-causing organisms included Klebsiella pneumoniae (41.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (20.8%), and Staphylococcus aureus (4.9%). Mortality and intubation ventilation proportions of 90% (p = 0.027) and 92.2% (p = 0.02) were significant among patients with superinfection, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed SpO2 pressure (odds ratio 0.842; 95% CI 0.750–0.945; p = 0.004) as a predictive factor in the association between antibiotic usage and mortality. More than 50% of patients received carbapenems. The resistance rates to at least one antibiotic of third-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones/fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and β-lactam inhibitors were 95.2%, 95.2%, 90%, 57.1%, and 100% among A. baumannii isolates and 71.4%, 55%, 69%, 61.9%, and 59.5% among K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. A proportion of 60% was recorded for methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. Conclusion As a result, antibiotic treatment should be administered following the microbial resistance profile. Contact isolation and infection control measures should be implemented as needed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus respiratory tract superinfections among patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary-care hospital in Tehran, Iran

Mobarak-Qamsari,

Jenaghi,

Sahebi

et al. 2023

Eur J Med Res

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“…However, in low compliance with this regiment, intermittent topical treatments are considered. Susceptibility tests are recommended for VVC-azole-resistant infections despite maintenance therapy, and treatment plan should be tailored according to the results [7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Povidone Iodine Vaginal Swabbing in Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Younis,

Mahmoud,

Elshorbagy

2023

International Journal of Medical Arts

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Article informationBackground: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis [RVVC] is a common condition affecting millions of women worldwide. It is associated with significant morbidity. Vulvovaginal candidiasis affects up to 75% of women of childbearing age once in their life, and up to 9% of women in different populations experience more than three episodes per year, which is defined as recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis [RVVC].The Aim of the work was to test efficacy of povidone iodine vaginal swabs in treatment of recurrent vaginal candidiasis. Patients and Methods: This study included 210 women, who suffered from symptomatic acute episode of RVVC, and attended Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Azhar university hospital Damietta. They were divided into three groups: Group A [70 women] who were treated with povidone iodine vaginal swabs. Group B [70 patients] who were treated with oral fluconazole and topical azole therapy. Group C [70 patients] who were treated with a combination of povidone iodine swabs and fluconazole. The overall clinical cure rate and improvement were assessed and compared between groups.Results: There was no significant difference between study groups, regarding overall clinical cure rate, which was higher in group C. As the clinical cure, improvement and no improvement percentage were in group A, 62.8%, 27.2%, 10% respectively. In group B, the values were 60.0%, 28.5%, and 11.5%, respectively. The values in group C were 65.7%, 31.3% and 3.2% with the same order. However, the recurrence rate 6 months after treatment was significantly different between groups [it was 7.9%, 3.2% and 1.47% in groups A, B and C, respectively]. Conclusion:Povidone iodine swabs were effective in treatment of RVVC as medical treatment almost with lower cost and lower side effects with good compliance.

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Unravelling novel molecular targets of Thymol and Carvacrol in Candida glabrata

Kumar,

Ansari,

Rai

et al. 2024

ECJ

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The emergence of non-albicans Candida as a potential causative agent of candidiasis following Candida albicans is occurring globally. It is known that phenolic cresols, thymol, and carvacrol have anti-Candida characteristics. However, there are few papers that disclose the mechanism of action, which is characterized by a damaged cell wall and ergosterol synthesis, as well as calcium-induced death in C. albicans. This work utilized in-silico docking analysis to examine the molecular targets of thymol and carvacrol in Candida glabrata. The results were then validated in vitro by antifungal susceptibility testing and growth curve analysis. The study incorporated C. glabrata deletion mutants for the target proteins to gain understanding of the function of these proteins in the antifungal effects of the two monoterpenoids. After conducting molecular docking and in silico toxicity evaluations, thymol and carvacrol were chosen for in vitro investigations. Experimental tests conducted in a laboratory setting have shown that both phytocompounds exhibit strong binding affinity towards cell wall synthesis proteins (Kre1p, Kre2p, Ecm33p), calcium channel proteins (Mid1p, Ecm7p), and proteins involved in the ergosterol synthesis pathway (Erg5p). These proteins are likely to be the specific targets for the anti-Candida properties of the two isomeric monoterpenoids in C. glabrata. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) values for thymol and carvacrol range from 50 µg/ml to 75 µg/ml. The wild-type strains exhibit a minimum fungicidal concentration of 100 µg/ml for thymol and 125 µg/ml for carvacrol. The results underscore the significance of these proteins in the fungal reaction to thymol and carvacrol and also indicate a promising opportunity for the development of novel antifungal treatment methods utilizing these proteins.

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Analysis of molecular resistance to azole and echinocandin in Candida species in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus respiratory tract superinfections among patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary-care hospital in Tehran, Iran

Evaluation of Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus respiratory tract superinfections among patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary-care hospital in Tehran, Iran

Use of Povidone Iodine Vaginal Swabbing in Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Unravelling novel molecular targets of Thymol and Carvacrol in Candida glabrata

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