Analysis of OF-layer humus mass variation in a mixed stand of European beech and Norway spruce: An application of structural equation modelling

Wälder, Konrad; Frischbier, Nico; Bredemeier, Michael; Näther, Wolfgang; Wagner, Sven

doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.12.014

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Canopy openness was calculated as the proportion of gaps in the canopy within an area of 5 m (distance between adjacent sampling points) around each sampling point. Micro-elevation and canopy openness were used as proxies of environmental factors that have been identified as relevant factors influencing C stocks (Wälder et al 2008). We used SEM in an exploratory mode to obtain hypothesized causal models that were both consistent with our data and which made biological sense (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5), validating the results from interplot comparison, and demonstrating that areas with high potentiality for C sequestration in the mineral soil within a stand can be identified by analyzing the spatial arrangement of tree species in the mixed stand. This may help to improve the predictions of the effect of the spatial distribution of tree species within mixed stands and to optimize the spatial organization of the mixture (Wälder et al 2008). The high spatial dependence of C stocks also provides evidence of the need for the consideration of spatial distribution of tree species on modeling approaches aimed at estimating C sequestration in forest soils, especially in mixed forests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tree species identity mediates mechanisms of top soil carbon sequestration in a Norway spruce and European beech mixed forest

Andivia

Rolo

Jonard

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message Combined effects of litterfall and root turnover significantly increase topsoil carbon stocks in Norway spruce and European beech mixed forests, indicating local complementarity effects mediated by tree species mixtures. & Context The establishment of mixed stands by intermingling individuals of European beech and Norway spruce is an ongoing trend in adaptive forest management strategies. However, our understanding of the potential of these strategies to promote C sequestration remains limited. & Aims This study aims to assess the effect of species composition on SOC stock in a mixed forest of Norway spruce and European beech. & Methods We studied C stocks in the uppermost soil layers in two stands dominated either by Norway spruce or European beech and in a mixture of both species. We evaluated the effect of litterfall and root turnover on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and its spatial distribution by combining structural equation models and geostatistical techniques. & Results C stocks in the forest floor were highest in Norway spruce, whereas in the mineral soil, the highest values were in the mixed stand. The proportion of Norway spruce litterfall was positively related to C stock in the forest floor across stands. Root turnover was positively related to C stock in the mineral soil of the mixed stand. & Conclusion Our results confirm a contrasting role of root turnover and litterfall between soil layers in the studied stands, suggesting that tree species composition can mediate the spatial distribution of SOC stocks in mixed forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree species identity mediates mechanisms of top soil carbon sequestration in a Norway spruce and European beech mixed forest

Andivia

Rolo

Jonard

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Emmer and Tietema 1990;Stark 1996;Gilliam et al 2001;Wälder et al 2008). It is reasonable to assume that both, high organic layer thickness and high water content favour higher gross rates of N turnover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The small-scale pattern of seepage water nitrate concentration in an N saturated spruce forest is regulated by net N mineralization in the organic layer

Matejek¹,

Kohlpaintner

Gasché³

et al. 2008

Plant Soil

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Soil net nitrogen (N) mineralization and nitrification as well as gross nitrification rates were studied in a forest soil within a 30×18m homogeneous plot located in an N saturated mature spruce stand at the Höglwald Forest (Bavaria, Germany) in order to explain the small-scale variation in nitrate (NO 3 − ) concentration in seepage water. Seepage water was sampled below the main rooting zone in 40cm depth with suction cups over two periods at 20 measuring spots respectively. The sampling spots were uniformly distributed over the plot for both sampling periods, and represented the whole concentration range of seepage water NO 3 − concentrations measured within a close mesh of 121 suction cups. At each measuring spot soil net N mineralization, gross and net nitrification, heterotrophic soil respiration, extractable soil ammonium (NH 4 + ) and NO 3 − , and additional physical and chemical soil parameters were measured in the organic layer and correlated with the NO 3 − concentrations in seepage water. Furthermore, the effects of environmental parameters on N conversion processes were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. We found that the small-scaled variations in seepage water NO 3 − concentration were related to similar small-scaled variations in key processes of microbial N turnover rates in the organic layer. Within this study net N mineralization in the organic layer could explain 51-59% of the corresponding small-scale variation of nitrate concentrations in seepage water below the main rooting zone using a multiple linear regression model with stepwise procedure. In addition, we found that small-scale patterns of N turnover in the organic layer were strongly influenced by water content in the organic layer and the dry mass of organic matter.

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“…Moreover, other phenomena are also driven by the interaction of the above-mentioned canopy effects in forest ecosystems, e.g. humus layer morphology (Finzi et al 1998b;Wälder et al 2008) and ground vegetation species (Kühlmann et al 2001). Harmer and Morgan (2007) documented significant effects of canopy cover and distance to parent tree on oak regeneration.…”

Section: Definition Of Canopy Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy effects on vegetation caused by harvesting and regeneration treatments

2010

Self Cite

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This paper reviews the primary effects of canopy on understorey vegetation to provide insight into the management of the canopy space to benefit tree regeneration. Site conditions, like nutrient and water availability, overstorey conditions, e.g. tree species, and canopy density, are important determinants of ground vegetation. An investigation of canopy effects is concerned about how the canopy trees modify site conditions. As canopy density may be deliberately modified during regeneration treatments, the effect of canopy density on individual species in the herbaceous layer and tree regeneration is important. This autecological perspective focuses on the successional traits of species to help understand species differences in fecundity, survival, density and growth. From a synecological perspective, the importance of successional traits for the outcome of competition between species arising from differences in canopy densities is highlighted. This review shows that moderately dense canopies may favour tree regeneration over aggressive shade-intolerant graminoids or forbs. This is particularly true for shade-tolerant and intermediate shade-tolerant tree species. To better understand and utilise this phenomenon, research should try to identify and isolate different canopy effects.

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Analysis of OF-layer humus mass variation in a mixed stand of European beech and Norway spruce: An application of structural equation modelling

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Tree species identity mediates mechanisms of top soil carbon sequestration in a Norway spruce and European beech mixed forest

Tree species identity mediates mechanisms of top soil carbon sequestration in a Norway spruce and European beech mixed forest

The small-scale pattern of seepage water nitrate concentration in an N saturated spruce forest is regulated by net N mineralization in the organic layer

Canopy effects on vegetation caused by harvesting and regeneration treatments

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