Analysis of Organic Aerosol in Fukuoka, Japan Using a PMF Method

Abstract

Aerosol chemical species were measured using an Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer (Q-AMS) in spring 2010, in Fukuoka. The main species were sulfate and organics. Organic data were analyzed using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) method. Two distinct periods (Period 1 and 2) were selected. Period 1 (from March 19 at 19:50 to March 20 at 10:00) was influenced by trans-boundary air pollution. Low-volatile, oxygenated organic aerosols (LV-OOA) were dominant and the hydrocarbon-like organic aerosols (HOA) fraction was as low as 15%. About one-fourth (26%) of the observation period in Fukuoka was influenced by trans-boundary air pollution. In Period 2 (from March 22 at 00:00 to March 22 at 23:50), both local emissions and trans-boundary air pollutants influenced Fukuoka air quality. The HOA fraction was relatively high, although the LV-OOA fraction was about one-third of OA. The trans-boundary air pollution was analyzed using the oxidation state of organic aerosols (OA), obtained by the PMF method.

Factors Controlling the Variation of Aerosol Surface Area Concentrations Measured by a Diffusion Charger in Fukuoka, Japan

“…The chemically-resolved size distributions for sulfate in aerosols are shown in Figure 7. The averaged size distributions of sulfate from 30 March to 1 April was similar to a typical pattern of those on a day when aerosol particles were affected by long-range transport [28,37]. The sulfate size distributions on 28 March and 2 April showed a peak in a much smaller particle size range, and were clearly different from the typical one showing long-range transport.…”

“…The monitoring site was the fourth floor of a building of the Fukuoka Institute for Atmospheric Environment and Health (33.55˝N, 130.36˝E) at Fukuoka University, Japan [27,28]. Fukuoka University is in a residential area, located at a distance of 5 km from the downtown area, and the site is several hundred meters away from a city highway.…”

“…The chemical composition of the aerosols (PM 1.0 ) was measured and analyzed using a quadrupole-type aerosol mass spectrometer (Q-AMS, Aerodyne Research, Inc., MA, USA) [28]. A detailed description of the Q-AMS can be found elsewhere [33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

The Construction and Application of a Multipoint Sampling System for Vehicle Exhaust Plumes

“…The OA directly emitted from sources such as motor vehicles and forest fires are defined as primary organic aerosols (POA), and the OA formed in the atmosphere from the oxidation of gas phase precursors are defined as secondary organic aerosols (SOA) (Robinson et al, 2007). Field studies have found that SOA are the most important OA in the atmosphere (Zhang et al, 2007;Jimenez et al, 2009;Takami et al, 2016), especially during haze events (Huang et al, 2014;Rastogi et al, 2015;Sui et al, 2015).…”

Monthly and Diurnal Variation of the Concentrations of Aerosol Surface Area in Fukuoka, Japan, Measured by Diffusion Charging Method

“…The monitoring site for the aerosol surface area, BC, and particle number concentrations was the fourth floor of a building of the Fukuoka Institute for Atmospheric Environment and Health (33.55 • N, 130.36 • E) at Fukuoka University, Japan [23,[30][31][32]. Another monitoring site for the sulfate concentration was the Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Science (33.51 • N, 130.48 • E).…”