Analysis of Oxygen Index to Support Candle-like Combustion of Polyurethane

Kukfisz, Bożena; Półka, Marzena

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.02.070

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…EPURs find numerous commercial applications in many industries in the form of adhesives, coatings, textiles, or elements in medical devices, cars, electronics, etc. [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. EPURs are an important class of functional polymers whose properties can be designed through the relative composition of the soft segment (SS) and hard segment (HS), which are determined by the molecular chain structures of the constituents [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Addition of Biobased Polyols on the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Polyurethane and Poly(urea)urethane Elastomers

et al. 2021

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Due to the current trends in sustainable development and the reduction in the use of fossil fuels (Green Deal strategy and the circular economy), and thus, the increased interest of the polyurethane industry in polyols derived from renewable sources, it is important to study the impact of these polyols on the flammability of new bioelastomers. The goal of this study was to check the influence of biobased polyols, such as tall oil (TO)-based polyols, soybean oil (SO)-based polyol, and rapeseed oil (RO)-based polyol, on the reduction in the burning and fume emissions of polyurethane and poly(urea)urethane elastomers (EPURs and EPUURs). The thermal stability of these materials was tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In turn, the flame retardancy and smoke emissions were checked using a cone calorimetry test. The released gases were identified using TGA coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy (TGA/FT-IR). Moreover, the morphological and structural characteristics of the char residues were characterized using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The obtained data were compared to the results received for elastomers produced with petroleum substrates. The addition of biobased polyols led to a reduction in the burning as a result of the formation of char, especially RO polyol. Moreover, the TO and RO polyols increased the thermal stability of the elastomers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Addition of Biobased Polyols on the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Polyurethane and Poly(urea)urethane Elastomers

et al. 2021

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“…Pure EP has an LOI of 22.0%, hence it burns easily in the air. 39 After including 7.5 wt% MH, the LOI of the EP1 composites reached 27.5%. Comparatively, the LOI values of the EP composites rose to 29.0% and 32.0%, respectively, following the addition of 7.5 wt% MH@15ZBO or MH@30ZBO into the system, compared to that obtained for the EP1 containing the same amount of MH.…”

Section: Flame Retardancymentioning

confidence: 95%

Functionalized magnesium hydroxide with zinc borate and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane for enhanced flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties of epoxy resins

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The limiting oxygen index (LOI) is defined as the smallest volumetric concentration of oxygen in a mixture of oxygen with nitrogen, introduced at a temperature of 23 °C ± 3 °C, at which combustion of a material is maintained [ 13 , 14 ]. The LOIs of specimens (140 mm × 50 mm) were measured using an oxygen index meter (Fire Testing Technology, East Grinstead, UK) according to ISO 4589-2:2017 Plastics—Determination of burning behavior by oxygen index—Part 2: Ambient-temperature test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Flammability and the Mechanical and Electrostatic Discharge Properties of Selected Personal Protective Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere in a State of Epidemic Emergency

Dowbysz

Kukfisz

Siuta

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Numerous fires occurring in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the dangers of the existence of an oxygen-enriched atmosphere. At oxygen concentrations higher than 21%, fires spread faster and more vigorously; thus, the safety of healthcare workers and patients is significantly reduced. Personal protective equipment (PPE) made mainly from plastics is combustible and directly affects their safety. The aim of this study was to assess its fire safety in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere. The thermodynamic properties, fire, and burning behavior of the selected PPE were studied, as well as its mechanical and electrostatic discharge properties. Cotton and disposable aprons were classified as combustible according to their LOI values of 17.17% and 17.39%, respectively. Conall Health A (23.37%) and B/C (23.51%) aprons and the Prion Guard suit (24.51%) were classified as self-extinguishing. The cone calorimeter test revealed that the cotton apron ignites the fastest (at 10 s), while for the polypropylene PPE, flaming combustion starts between 42 and 60 s. The highest peak heat release rates were observed for the disposable apron (62.70 kW/m2), Prion Guard suit (61.57 kW/m2), and the cotton apron (62.81 kW/m2). The mean CO yields were the lowest for these PPEs. Although the Conall Health A and B/C aprons exhibited lower pHRR values, their toxic CO yield values were the highest. The most durable fabrics of the highest maximum tensile strength were the cotton apron (592.1 N) and the Prion Guard suit (274.5 N), which also exhibited the lowest electrification capability. Both fabrics showed the best abrasion resistance of 40,000 and 38,000 cycles, respectively. The abrasion values of other fabrics were significantly lower. The research revealed that the usage of PPE made from polypropylene in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere may pose a fire risk.

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Analysis of Oxygen Index to Support Candle-like Combustion of Polyurethane

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of the Addition of Biobased Polyols on the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Polyurethane and Poly(urea)urethane Elastomers

Effect of the Addition of Biobased Polyols on the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Polyurethane and Poly(urea)urethane Elastomers

Functionalized magnesium hydroxide with zinc borate and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane for enhanced flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties of epoxy resins

Analysis of the Flammability and the Mechanical and Electrostatic Discharge Properties of Selected Personal Protective Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere in a State of Epidemic Emergency

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