Analysis of P granules <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>

Putnam, Andrea; Cassani, Madeline; Smith, Jarrett; Seydoux, Géraldine

doi:10.1101/245878

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…However, not all components of the membraneless organelles exhibit this rapid dynamic behavior. For instance, the core of stress granules, and the MEG protein that constitute the shell of P-granules are stable structures with amorphous solidor crystal-like dynamics [137,138].…”

Section: B In Vivo Investigation Of Llpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamically driven assemblies and liquid–liquid phase separations in biology

Falahati

Haji-Akbari

2019

Soft Matter

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The sustenance of life depends on the high degree of organization that prevails through different levels of living organisms, from subcellular structures such as biomolecular complexes and organelles to tissues and organs. The physical origin of such organization is not fully understood, and even though it is clear that cells and organisms cannot maintain their integrity without consuming energy, there is growing evidence that individual assembly processes can be thermodynamically driven and occur spontaneously due to changes in thermodynamic variables such as intermolecular interactions and concentration. Understanding the phase separation in vivo requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating the theory and physics of phase separation with experimental and computational techniques. This paper aims at providing a brief overview of the physics of phase separation and its biological implications, with a particular focus on the assembly of membraneless organelles. We discuss the underlying physical principles of phase separation from its thermodynamics to its kinetics. We also overview the wide range of methods utilized for experimental verification and characterization of phase separation of membraneless organelles, as well as the utility of molecular simulations rooted in thermodynamics and statistical physics in understanding the governing principles of thermodynamically driven biological self-assembly processes.arXiv:1812.09412v1 [cond-mat.soft]

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Section: B In Vivo Investigation Of Llpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamically driven assemblies and liquid–liquid phase separations in biology

Falahati

Haji-Akbari

2019

Soft Matter

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“…RNA helicases should be expected to disassemble RNA-RNA interactions and thereby limit RNP granule formation. Strikingly, the loss of the RNA helicase CGH-1 in C. elegans generates solid sheets of other P-granule components (Hubstenberger et al, 2013) and the ATPase activity of CGH-1 is necessary for P granule disassembly following extrusion from cells (Smith and Seydoux, 2018). Similarly, ATP hydrolysis mutants in the DEAD-box helicases Dhh1 or Ded1/Ddx3, results in constitutive P-bodies or stress granules, respectively (Mugler et al, 2016, Hilliker et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Roles for Intermolecular RNA-RNA Interactions in RNP Assemblies

Treeck

Parker

2018

Cell

361

312

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Eukaryotic cells contain large assemblies of RNA and protein, referred to as ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules, which include cytoplasmic P-bodies, stress granules, and neuronal and germinal granules, as well as nuclear paraspeckles, Cajal bodies, and RNA foci formed from repeat expansion RNAs. Recent evidence argues that intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions play a role in forming and determining the composition of certain RNP granules. We hypothesize that intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions are favored in cells yet are limited by RNA-binding proteins, helicases, and ribosomes, thereby allowing normal RNA function. An over-abundance of intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions may be toxic since perturbations that increase RNA-RNA interactions such as long repeat expansion RNAs, arginine-containing dipeptide repeat polypeptides, and sequestration or loss of abundant RNA-binding proteins can contribute to degenerative diseases.

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Analysis of P granules in vivo and ex vivo

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Thermodynamically driven assemblies and liquid–liquid phase separations in biology

Thermodynamically driven assemblies and liquid–liquid phase separations in biology

Emerging Roles for Intermolecular RNA-RNA Interactions in RNP Assemblies

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