Analysis of pectin mutants and natural accessions of Arabidopsis highlights the impact of de-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan on tissue saccharification

Francocci, Fedra; Bastianelli, E; Lionetti, Vincenzo; Ferrari, Simone; Lorenzo, Giulia De; Bellincampi, Daniela; Cervone, Felice

doi:10.1186/1754-6834-6-163

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Knowledge about how to manipulate cell wall composition without detrimental effects on growth and resistance to stresses is, therefore, needed. We have previously shown that 35S: AnPGII and qua2-1 plants are more efficiently degraded by cellulase (Lionetti et al, 2010;Francocci et al, 2013), indicating that pectin composition strongly affects biomass utilization. However, a major reduction in HG content severely impairs growth, strongly limiting the application of this approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis thaliana Class III Peroxidase AtPRX71 Negatively Regulates Growth under Physiological Conditions and in Response to Cell Wall Damage.

et al. 2015

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The structure of the cell wall has a major impact on plant growth and development, and alteration of cell wall structural components is often detrimental to biomass production. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these negative effects are largely unknown. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants with altered pectin composition because of either the expression of the Aspergillus niger polygalacturonase II (AnPGII; 35S:AnPGII plants) or a mutation in the QUASIMODO2 (QUA2) gene that encodes a putative pectin methyltransferase (qua2-1 plants), display severe growth defects. Here, we show that expression of Arabidopsis PEROXIDASE71 (AtPRX71), encoding a class III peroxidase, strongly increases in 35S:AnPGII and qua2-1 plants as well as in response to treatments with the cellulose synthase inhibitor isoxaben, which also impairs cell wall integrity. Analysis of atprx71 loss-of-function mutants and plants overexpressing AtPRX71 indicates that this gene negatively influences Arabidopsis growth at different stages of development, likely limiting cell expansion. The atprx71-1 mutation partially suppresses the dwarf phenotype of qua2-1, suggesting that AtPRX71 contributes to the growth defects observed in plants undergoing cell wall damage. Furthermore, AtPRX71 seems to promote the production of reactive oxygen species in qua2-1 plants as well as plants treated with isoxaben. We propose that AtPRX71 contributes to strengthen cell walls, therefore restricting cell expansion, during normal growth and in response to cell wall damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis thaliana Class III Peroxidase AtPRX71 Negatively Regulates Growth under Physiological Conditions and in Response to Cell Wall Damage.

et al. 2015

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“…The accumulation of this elastomeric rubber-like protein of insects in the cell wall improved sugar release from plant material [152]. Surprisingly, expression of NodC-expressing Arabidopsis plants accumulating N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) oligomers showed increased cell wall recalcitrance and reduced saccharification yield [128]. Reducing cell wall digestibility could be due to the GlcNAc oligomers competing with non-covalent interactions in the apoplast.…”

Section: Production Of Water-soluble Polymers Within the Cell Wallmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, expression of fungal polygalacturanase (PG) or pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI) in Arabidopsis, tobacco and wheat increased saccharification yield [89]. Moreover, mutant Arabidopsis plants affected in gene-encoding proteins involved in methylesterification (pectin methylesterase 3; pme3) and homogalacturonan biosynthesis (quasimodo2-1; qua2-1) revealed that reduction in methylesterification of HGA level improves saccharification yield [128]. Also, the acetylation of pectin affects cell wall recalcitrance with highly acetylated pectin being less susceptible to degradation and hence increasing biomass recalcitrance [55].…”

Section: Pectin Modificationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cell Wall Engineering by Heterologous Expression of Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes for Better Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass into Biofuels

Turumtay

2015

Bioenerg. Res.

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Huge energy demand with increasing population is addressing renewable and sustainable energy sources. A solution to energy demand problem is to replace our current fossil fuel-based economy with alternative strategies that do not emit carbon dioxide. Plant biomass is one of the best candidates for this issue. Plants use solar power to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars, which can be used in fermentation reactions to produce both energy and materials. However, the desired sugars are trapped in the highly recalcitrant cell wall as building blocks of cellulose chains. Moreover, the complexity of the plant cell wall structure hinders the hydrolysis of cellulose into fermentable sugar monomers. Although pretreatments are used to change the physical and chemical properties of the lignocellulosic biomass and improve hydrolysis rates, these pretreatments often use harsh and polluting chemicals and severely increase the cost of biofuel production. The goal of the review is to summarize recent researches, which describe generating plants with a modified cell wall and improve hydrolysis of cellulose without applying any or less pretreatment methods. Since pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is the most cost effective step in biofuel production, generating autodigestible plants could reduce the production cost of biofuels and bio-based biomaterials. One of the strategies to improve biomass conversion efficiency is the modification of the cell wall by heterologous expression of cell wall-modifying proteins. These cell wall-modifying proteins could alter the cell wall structure and reduce cell wall recalcitrance. The use of such transgenic technologies would consume less energy and chemicals when cellulose is more accessible for enzymatic hydrolysis.

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“…Another promising approach is the generation of plants that overexpress cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) that attack cellulose and/or hemicelluloses (Oraby et al, 2007;Borkhardt et al, 2010;Harrison et al, 2011). Recently, the possibility of modifying the pectin component of the cell wall to improve biomass saccharification has been demonstrated (Lionetti et al, 2010;Francocci et al, 2013). Indeed, hemicelluloses and cellulose are embedded in a gel-like matrix of pectin, that can affect their accessibility and influence the saccharification process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled expression of pectic enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana enhances biomass conversion without adverse effects on growth

et al. 2015

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Analysis of pectin mutants and natural accessions of Arabidopsis highlights the impact of de-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan on tissue saccharification

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

The Arabidopsis thaliana Class III Peroxidase AtPRX71 Negatively Regulates Growth under Physiological Conditions and in Response to Cell Wall Damage.

The Arabidopsis thaliana Class III Peroxidase AtPRX71 Negatively Regulates Growth under Physiological Conditions and in Response to Cell Wall Damage.

Cell Wall Engineering by Heterologous Expression of Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes for Better Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass into Biofuels

Controlled expression of pectic enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana enhances biomass conversion without adverse effects on growth

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