Analysis of peri-implant bone defects by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT): an integrative review

Abstract

The objective of this work was to perform an integrative review of the inspection of peri-implant bone defects using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). An electronic search was performed in the PubMed database using the following scientific terms: CBCT or Cone Beam computed tomography; dental implant; peri-implant; bone loss; defects. The survey identified 267 studies, of which 18 were considered relevant to this study. These studies provided important data taking into account the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography in the detection and measurement of peri-implant bone defects such as fenestrations, dehiscence and intraosseous circumferential defects. The effectiveness of CBCT in aiding in geometric bone calculations and in the diagnosis of peri-implant defects was influenced by factors such as artefacts, defect size, bone wall thickness, implant material, adjustment of acquisition parameters and observer experience. A not insignificant number of studies compared intraoral radiography to CBCT in the detection of peri-implant bone loss. CBCT was clearly superior to intraoral radiography in the detection of all peri-implant bone defects, except for defects located in the interproximal zone. In general, studies have shown that peri-implant bone measurements adjacent to the implant surface can be correctly determined, as well as the diagnosis of peri-implant bone defects with an average discrepancy of less than 1 mm from the actual measurement of the defect.

Influence of the Tube Angle on the Measurement Accuracy of Peri-Implant Bone Defects in Rectangular Intraoral X-ray Imaging

“…In the case of peri-implant bony defects, this means the three-dimensional extent of the defect and the parts that are located buccaly or orally to the implant, as well as revealing fenestration and dehiscence defects, might be better depicted [16,17]. Studies by Ritter et al and Steiger-Ronay et al concluded that measurements of distal and mesial bone levels are equally accurate with intraoral radiography and CBCT [18,19].…”

Osseodensification vs. Conventional Osteotomy: A Case Series with Cone Beam Computed Tomography

“…In 1998, Mozzo et al introduced cone beam imaging technology, which, depending on the specific configurations of the cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) unit, allows three-dimensional images to be obtained with relatively low radiation doses [ 17 ]. Although CBCT has made a speedy ingress into the field of dentistry, it is not devoid of downsides, as the image’s clarity is affected by artifacts, noise, and poor soft tissue contrast [ 18 ].…”