Analysis of physical pore space characteristics of two pyrolytic biochars and potential as microhabitat

Schnee, Laura; Knauth, Stefan; Hapca, Simona M.; Otten, Wilfred; Eickhorst, Thilo

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-2935-9

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Contrary to our initial estimate, none of the imaged biochar particles were pure bedding material, but the different components surprisingly seemed evenly mixed. While X-ray microtomography has been used to image biochar derived from plant-based materials (Berhanu et al 2018;Bird et al 2008;Hyväluoma et al 2018b;Jeffery et al 2015;Jones et al 2015;Schnee et al 2016), to our knowledge this is the first study using X-ray microtomography to study the structure of broiler manure biochar. Previously, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been used to visually study the structure of broiler manure biochar (Glazunova et al 2018;Liang et al 2016;Lima et al 2015;Qiu and Guo 2010;Song and Guo 2012).…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilizer and soil conditioner value of broiler manure biochars

Keskinen

Hyväluoma

Sohlo

et al. 2019

Biochar

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Pyrolysis is an option for enhancing the sustainable management of broiler manure surpluses by producing a concentrated, hygienic char product with a fertilizer and soil conditioner value. In this study, the impacts of pyrolysis conducted at 350, 400 and 450 °C on total nutrient and harmful element concentrations in biochars derived from peat-bedded broiler manure were examined. Emphasis was placed on the availability of phosphorus (P). In addition, the pore structures of these biochars were explored using X-ray microtomography and image analysis. During pyrolysis, 35-50%, 40-55% and 35-45% of the original carbon, nitrogen and sulfur contents, respectively, of the feedstock biomass were lost as volatiles. Mineral elements, including P, were concentrated in the biochar. Although water-extractable P was found to be converted to less labile forms due to charring, the concentration effect and notable increase in sodium bicarbonate-extractable P rendered broiler manure biochars richer in total labile P in comparison with feedstock manure (7.1, 10.0, 11.1 and 14.8 g labile P kg −1 in feedstock and biochars produced at 350, 400 and 450 °C, respectively). The pore volume of the micrometer-scale porosity of the broiler manure biochar was comparable to that found earlier in wood-based biochars. In comparison with wood-based biochars, the pore structure of broiler manure biochars was more versatile, and the pore size distribution was wider. Consequently, part of the porosity was too large to store plant-available water, which may reduce the potential of broiler manure biochars to improve soil water storage capacity.

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Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilizer and soil conditioner value of broiler manure biochars

Keskinen

Hyväluoma

Sohlo

et al. 2019

Biochar

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“…Conte and Nestle (2015) imaged poplar biochar at 0.74 µm resolution and Jeffery et al (2015) hay biochar at 2.56 µm resolution. Schnee et al (2016) imaged wood and Miscanthus biochars at 5.67 µm resolution and studied their potential as microbial habitat. Quin et al (2014) studied oil mallee biochar and imaged soils amended by this biochar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative characterization of pore structure of several biochars with 3D imaging

Hyväluoma

Kulju

Hannula

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Pore space characteristics of biochars may vary depending on the used raw material and processing technology. Pore structure has significant effects on the water retention properties of biochar amended soils. In this work, several biochars were characterized with three-dimensional imaging and image analysis. X-ray computed microtomography was used to image biochars at resolution of 1.14 µm and the obtained images were analysed for porosity, pore-size distribution, specific surface area and structural anisotropy. In addition, random walk simulations were used to relate structural anisotropy to diffusive transport. Image analysis showed that considerable part of the biochar volume consist of pores in size range relevant to hydrological processes and storage of plant available water. Porosity and pore-size distribution were found to depend on the biochar type and the structural anisotopy analysis showed that used raw material considerably affects the pore characteristics at micrometre scale. Therefore attention should be paid to raw material selection and quality in applications requiring optimized pore structure.

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“…Large surface area of biochar seems likely to benefit microhabitat for microorganisms. Previous researchers also proved that biochar has potential as microhabitat (Schnee et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

EFFECTS OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS AND BIOCHAR ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum)

Mutalib

2019

J. Voc. Educ. Stud

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A study was conducted to determine the effects of phosphate solubilizers and biochar on growth and yield of tomato plants. For this purpose, a 4×3 factorial experiment based on Completely Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications were conducted in the growth room. In this factorial experiment, 4 levels of phosphate solubilizer bacteria (B1, B2, Bmix and Control) and 3 levels of biochar (Powder, Large Size, and Control) were applied on tomato plants to identify changes in growth parameters and yield. Results were analysed using Genstat Statistical Package (16th Edition). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted to test the effects of each factor and their interactions. Subsequently, Tukey test was used to compare the treatments means at P<0.05. The results showed that phosphate solubilizers had no significant effects on the growth parameters measured, while biochar treatments significantly affected the total fresh weight of the tomatoes and increased the speed of plant growth in tomatoes (Flowering and fruiting). In addition, there was no interaction between bacterial inoculation and biochar application on the parameters studied. The bacterial inoculation did not significantly affect any parameters studies. This is contrasted by the results from the treatments with biochar application which showed the enhancement of plant growth and yield. The sustainability of the bacterial strains used are suggested to be tested before starting the experiment.

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Analysis of physical pore space characteristics of two pyrolytic biochars and potential as microhabitat

Cited by 45 publications

References 53 publications

Fertilizer and soil conditioner value of broiler manure biochars

Fertilizer and soil conditioner value of broiler manure biochars

Quantitative characterization of pore structure of several biochars with 3D imaging

EFFECTS OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS AND BIOCHAR ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum)

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