Analysis of Phytotelmata As Breeding Site Aedes spp. in Sidoarjo East Java

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease that is a problem in Indonesia, especially East Java. Sidoarjo is one of the city with high DHF cases in East Java with a total cases until 1,708 in 2016. One of the factors that support the increase in DHF cases is the availability of breeding site of Aedes. Research about breeding sites of Aedes in plants is limited. Vector control is often carried out only to ponds, air containers, and other artificial breeding sites, while in nature there are many plants that can to used breeding site such as phytotelmata. Phytotelmata are plants that can hold water in one of their bodies. This study aimed to determine the diversity of types and types of phytothelium, the physical condition of the water collected in the phytothelium and the Aedes species found in the phytotelmata. This research used descriptive observational. Determination of the sampling point using purposive sampling method. The results showed that there were eight species of phytotelmata which were used as breeding site for Aedes spp. in Sidoarjo, namely Musa paradisiaca, Pandanus amaryllifolius, Cocos nucifera, Neoregelia spectabilis, Bambusa sp. Neoregelia charm, Aechmea fasciata, and Xanthosoma sagittifolium. The Aedes species found were mostly Ae. albopictus. The average of air volume of the phytotelmata is 95.84 ml with water temperatures is 25-26oC and water pH is 6-7.

Karakteristik Habitat Larva Nyamuk dan Kepadatan Nyamuk Dewasa (Diptera: Culicidae) di Kabupaten Jembrana, Provinsi Bali (Analisis Data Sekunder Rikhus Vektora 2017)

“…[5][6][7] Beberapa spesies nyamuk memiliki karakteristik habitat yang lebih spesifik seperti Aedes aegypti yang cenderung menyukai kontainer buatan yang mengandung air bersih di sekitar manusia 8 , sedangkan Aedes albopictus selain menyukai kontainer buatan yang mengandung air bersih juga sering ditemukan di habitat alami di cekungan tanaman. 9 Culex sp. lebih menyukai tempat perkembangbiakan yang bersentuhan langsung dengan tanah dengan kondisi air yang keruh/kotor seperti selokan di depan rumah.…”

“…28 Hasil serupa ditunjukkan penelitian Wahidah, dimana larva Aedes albopictus ditemukan pada tanaman seperti pisang, talas, bambu, kelapa, nipah, dan beberapa tanaman hias. 9 Hal ini dikarenakan kemampuan dari beberapa tanaman tersebut dalam menampung air pada bagian tubuh tertentu.…”

ANALYSIS OF ATTRACTANT COMPOUND FROM PHYTOTELMATA AS BREADING SITE Aedes albopictus

“…Pyhtotelamata adalah kelompok tumbuhan yang pada salah satu atau lebih struktur tubuhnya dapat menampung air. Meskipun diketahui banyak spesies phytotelmata, namun hanya beberapa spesies phyotelmata yang digunakan sebagai tempat perindukan Aedes albopictus (Wahidah, 2021). Selain faktor sifat fisik air, hal itu diduga adanya senyawa yang bersifat Attractant yang dimiliki oleh spesies tumbuhan tersebut.…”

“…Sehingga harapannya dapat merancang suatu target untuk mengendalikan atau mencegah wabah penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD) berbasis ekologi dengan menggunakan senyawa perangkap alami yang dihasilkan dari tumbuhan. (Wahidah, 2021;Wahidah & Maimunah, 2021).…”

Phytotelmata accounts for Aedes breeding places in Mantup Sub-district, Lamongan District, Indonesia

“…In Sidoarjo, Musa paradisiaca or banana plant, was also confirmed as the natural breeding place of Aedes larvae, which mainly consisted of Ae. albopictus (Wahidah and Rosmanida 2021). According to the author's criteria, the vast majority of known phytotelmata can be divided into five to seven major classes, with tree holes, bamboo internodes, leaf axils, flower parts, fruit peels, trunks, and modified leaves being the most prevalent types (Ramos and do Nascimento Moura 2019).…”