Analysis of prognostic factors through survival rate analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at the National Cancer Center: 20 years of experience

Choi, Yong-Seok; Kim, Min Gyeong; Lee, Jong Ho; Park, Joo-Yong; Choi, Sung-Weon

doi:10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.5.284

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…As shown by the experience, the OSCC G level affects the risk of PNI and LVI, which are important prognostic factors ( 15 , 16 , 20 , 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The occurrence of perineural invasion (PNI) may be related to the chemotropism of neoplastic cells ( 12 ) and is not specific to OSCC only ( 13 , 14 ). Its occurrence, similarly to lymphovascular invasion (LVI), is an unfavorable prognostic factor ( 15 – 17 ). In addition to the above, another unfavorable prognostic factor is extranodal extension (pENE), and its occurrence is associated with a possible increase in the risk of nodal recurrence (NR) ( 18 , 19 ); however, a comparison of these features, along with an assessment of the TPS, DOI and the occurrence of nodal or local metastases (NM/LR), nodal recurrence NR and G will give us a better understanding of what combination of the aforementioned factors may be associated with the most unpredictable course of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma – do we always need elective neck dissection? evaluation of clinicopathological factors of greatest prognostic significance: a cross-sectional observational study

Michcik,

Polcyn,

Sikora

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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The aim of the study was to find clinical and pathological factors with the greatest prognostic significance in patients with OSCC. The analysis included 125 patients grouped according to the tumor primary site (TPS): the floor of the mouth (FOM), tongue (TC) and retromolar triangle (RMT). Grading (G), tumor size (pT), nodal metastases (NM), local recurrence (LR), nodal recurrence (NR), perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), extranodal extension (pENE), and nodal yield (NY) were evaluated in each group.ResultsWith regard to TPS, FOM appeared to be the most metastatic. However, the recurrence rate was similar to TC tumors, which were characterized by higher G than those in other locations. When analyzing G, the highest percentage of LR (40.5%) and NM (34.5%) was observed among patients with G2. As G increased, so did the number of pENE G1 – 7.4%; G2 – 31%; G3 – 35.7%; LVI: G1 – 25.9%; G2 – 50%; G3 – 57.1%; PNI: G1 – 29.6%; G2 – 47.6%; G3 – 92.9%; NR G1 – 14.8%; G2 – 32.1%; G3 – 21.4%. Grading did not affect the type of growth and did not directly affect the occurrence of NR. pT and DOI increased the frequency of NM but we did not observe any effect of pT and DOI on LR, PNI, and LVI. NY in the study group did not increase the risk of NR.ConclusionTumor primary sites within the FOM, TC, and pT classification are the factors that increase the risk of NM and LR. However, apart from the primary site predisposing to the occurrence of NM, the histological structure of the tumor turned out to be the most important feature affecting the patient’s prognosis. The number of cases of pENE+, LVI+, PNI+, NM+, and NR+ increased with the increase in G. Although the pT, DOI increased the frequency of NM, we did not observe the effect of the pT and DOI on LR, PNI and LVI. Thus, even in the case of a small tumor of the FOM and TC with at least G2, elective neck dissection should be performed each time.

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“…As shown by the experience, the OSCC G level affects the risk of PNI and LVI, which are important prognostic factors ( 15 , 16 , 20 , 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral squamous cell carcinoma – do we always need elective neck dissection? evaluation of clinicopathological factors of greatest prognostic significance: a cross-sectional observational study

Michcik,

Polcyn,

Sikora

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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“…that affect survival, and make the other factors less apparent in the statistical significance. There were controversies regarding whether surgical sites are a prognostic factor for survival or not, as cervical metastasis and bone and muscle invasion may manifest differently depending on the sites [ 21 , 22 , 37 , 38 ]. This can be overcome by surgically removing the tumor and lymph nodes with a sufficient margin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma: the importance of recurrence and pTNM stage

Kim,

Ahn

2024

Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg

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Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma has a poor prognosis. Therefore, prognostic factors are important to increase the survival rate. This study assessed the survival rate and the prognostic factors for survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Method This study included 168 patients who underwent surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma between January 2006 and December 2021. The survival rate was analyzed with overall survival and disease-specific survival. The patient’s age, sex, pTNM stage, primary sites (lip, tongue, mouth of floor, mandibular gingiva, maxillary gingiva, mandibular vestibule, maxillary vestibule, retromolar trigone, palate, buccal mucosa, primary intra-osseous site), smoking and alcohol drinking habits, depth of invasion, perineural and lymphovascular invasion, cell differentiation, and postoperative radiotherapy were evaluated to analyze risk factors. Kaplan–Meier methods were used to estimate the survival rates. Cox regression methods were used to investigate the main independent predictors of survival in univariable and multivariable analysis. Results Sixty-eight patients died of oral squamous cell carcinoma during follow-up periods. Their overall survival for 5 years was 51.2%, and the disease-specific survival was 59.2%. In univariable analysis, seven factors which are neck metastasis, depth of invasion, cell differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, postoperative radiotherapy, pTNM stage, and recurrence were significantly associated with survival. In multivariable analysis, pTNM stage and recurrence were significantly associated with survival. Conclusion In patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, pTNM stage and recurrence were significant prognostic factors. Neck metastasis, depth of invasion, cell differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and postoperative radiotherapy were also prognostic factors. These factors serve as markers for obtaining prognosis information in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

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“…The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), which developed the TNM staging method, frequently uses it to determine the course of treatment and long-term outcomes in patients with LSCC. The depth of tumor invasion, tumor size, invasion of nearby critical structures, and lymph node metastasis in the lymph node region are just a few aspects that traditional TNM staging already covers [5][6][7][8]. However, many prognostic factors, including age, pathological grade, sex, and surgical margins, are still excluded from this staging system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nomograms for Predicting Overall and Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Surgical Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Saad,

Baz,

Riad

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Context Receiving a personalized forecast for lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is crucial. This study aimed to develop predictive models for postoperative prognosis prediction in LSCC patients. Methods Two medical institutes provided 136 postoperative LSCC patients diagnosed between April 2015 and July 2022. The patients were randomly assigned to training and validation groups at a 7:3 ratio. Based on the results of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, two nomograms were made to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in LSCC patients who had surgery. Results According to univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a lower pathological grade, being older than 70 years, having a higher T-stage, positive lymph node metastasis (LNM), perineural invasion (PNI), vascular invasion (VI), and positive surgical margin were all independent predictors of a lower OS. The independent predictors of worse PFS included higher pathological grade, age ≥ 70 years, higher T-stage, LNM, PNI, and positive surgical margins. Two nomograms were created based on the data above to forecast the 3- and 5-year OS and PFS rates in patients with LSCC. In the training group, the C-indices for the OS and PFS nomograms were 0.865 and 0.801, respectively, whereas those in the validation group were 0.915 and 0.815, respectively. The calibration curves demonstrated a reasonable degree of agreement between the observed survival rates and the predictions. Conclusions Curve analysis revealed superior performance of the nomogram compared to other related predictors. Kaplan-Meier curves showed statistical distinctions between the high-, medium-, and low-risk groups. In summary, With a good clinically personalized applicability value, this retrospective study developed and validated two nomograms for predicting OS and PFS in patients with postoperative LSCC.

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Analysis of prognostic factors through survival rate analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated at the National Cancer Center: 20 years of experience

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Oral squamous cell carcinoma – do we always need elective neck dissection? evaluation of clinicopathological factors of greatest prognostic significance: a cross-sectional observational study

Oral squamous cell carcinoma – do we always need elective neck dissection? evaluation of clinicopathological factors of greatest prognostic significance: a cross-sectional observational study

Prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma: the importance of recurrence and pTNM stage

Nomograms for Predicting Overall and Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Surgical Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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