Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in Psilocybe subcubensis GUZMÁN by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Keller, Thomas; Schneider, Andrea; Regenscheit, Priska; Dirnhofer, Richard; Rucker, T; Jaspers, Jürgen; Kisser, W

doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00168-6

Cited by 39 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hence, separation and identification of these compounds are of a significant importance for forensic purposes. The common analytical methods used for psilocin identification include ultraviolet (UV) (21), fluorescence (22), high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) (23), GC/MS (24‐27), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) (26,28), TLC (3,29), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) (26,28,30), cation‐exchange liquid chromatography (31), and Weber color test (32). However, none of the above has been shown to be specific for identification of the four isomers.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psilocin (4‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) and Bufotenine (5‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) Case: Ensuring the Correct Isomer has Been Identified

Mishraki-Berkowitz¹,

Kochelski²,

Kavanagh

et al. 2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Psilocin (4‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine, 4‐HO‐DMT) and bufotenine (5‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine, 5‐HO‐DMT), which are both naturally occurring compounds, are classified as controlled substances in numerous countries due to their pharmacological activities and recreational usage. There are two other benzene ring regioisomers, 6‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (6‐HO‐DMT) and 7‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (7‐HO‐DMT), which are not classified by name as controlled substances, and which were synthesized for this current work. The four isomers were analyzed using routine methodologies employed by the Israel's Police Division of Identification and Forensic Science (DIFS) Laboratory, namely thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC‐MS). It was found possible to differentiate the four isomers. Forensic specimens that were suspected to be psilocybe mushrooms were examined, confirming that it is now possible to unequivocally identify the presence of psilocin and rule out the presence of its other isomers.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psilocin (4‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) and Bufotenine (5‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) Case: Ensuring the Correct Isomer has Been Identified

Mishraki-Berkowitz¹,

Kochelski²,

Kavanagh

et al. 2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Psilocybin is found abundantly in the genus Psilocybe [ 41 ]. Common mushrooms that contain psylocibin include P. bohemica , P. mexicana , P. semilanceata , P. baeocystis , and P. cubensis [ 40 ].…”

Section: Poisonous Substances In Mushroomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Profiles of Poisonous, Edible, and Medicinal Mushrooms

Hossain

Park

2014

Mycobiology

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Mushrooms are a recognized component of the human diet, with versatile medicinal properties. Some mushrooms are popular worldwide for their nutritional and therapeutic properties. However, some species are dangerous because they cause toxicity. There are many reports explaining the medicinal and/or toxic effects of these fungal species. Cases of serious human poisoning generally caused by the improper identification of toxic mushroom species are reported every year. Different substances responsible for the fatal signs and symptoms of mushroom toxicity have been identified from various poisonous mushrooms. Toxicity studies of mushroom species have demonstrated that mushroom poisoning can cause adverse effects such as liver failure, bradycardia, chest pain, seizures, gastroenteritis, intestinal fibrosis, renal failure, erythromelalgia, and rhabdomyolysis. Correct categorization and better understanding are essential for the safe and healthy consumption of mushrooms as functional foods as well as for their medicinal use.

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“…The identification of the "magic mushroom" using morphologic and microscopic analyses is quite difficult without experts, so that chromatographic methods including TLC, GC, and HPLC are usually employed. [12][13][14][15][16][17] For these chromatographic analyses, standard compounds are always needed. It is difficult to isolate 1 and 2 from the mushroom on a gram scale for use as pure standard compounds because 1 easily decomposes and 2 has a high polarity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concise Large-Scale Synthesis of Psilocin and Psilocybin, Principal Hallucinogenic Constituents of “Magic Mushroom”

2003

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Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in Psilocybe subcubensis GUZMÁN by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

The Psilocin (4‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) and Bufotenine (5‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) Case: Ensuring the Correct Isomer has Been Identified

The Psilocin (4‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) and Bufotenine (5‐hydroxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine) Case: Ensuring the Correct Isomer has Been Identified

Toxicological Profiles of Poisonous, Edible, and Medicinal Mushrooms

Concise Large-Scale Synthesis of Psilocin and Psilocybin, Principal Hallucinogenic Constituents of “Magic Mushroom”

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