Analysis of Radiation-Pressure Induced Mechanical Oscillation of an Optical Microcavity

Kippenberg, Tobias J.; Rokhsari, H.; Carmon, Tal; Scherer, Axel; Vahala, Kerry J.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.95.033901

Cited by 739 publications

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“…ω m 1/τ ). This has indeed been observed in recent experimental work pertaining to both amplification [14] and cooling [10,11] of a mechanical oscillator mode. In this regime the optical cavity field cannot respond instantaneously to the mechanical motion and an entirely viscous radiation pressure force may arise [11].…”

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confidence: 67%

“…In a series of recent experiments, these effects have been used to cool a single mechanical mode [9,10,11]. While classical and semiclassical analysis of dynamical back-action have been developed [13,14], the question as to whether ground state cooling is possible has not been addressed.Here a quantum theory of cooling via dynamical backaction is presented. We find that final occupancies below unity can indeed be attained when the optical cavity's lifetime is comparable to or exceeds the mechanical oscillation period.…”

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Theory of Ground State Cooling of a Mechanical Oscillator Using Dynamical Backaction

et al. 2007

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A quantum theory of cooling of a mechanical oscillator by radiation pressure-induced dynamical back-action is developed, which is analogous to sideband cooling of trapped ions. We find that final occupancies well below unity can be attained when the mechanical oscillation frequency is larger than the cavity linewidth. It is shown that the final average occupancy can be retrieved directly from the optical output spectrum.PACS numbers: 42.65. Sf ,42.65.Ky, 42.79.Gn Mesoscopic mechanical oscillators are currently attracting interest due to their potential to enhance the sensitivity of displacement measurements [1] and to probe the quantum to classical transition of a macroscopic degree of freedom [2,3]. A prerequisite for these applications is the capability of initializing an oscillator with a long phonon lifetime in its quantum ground state. So far this has not been demonstrated because the combination of sufficiently high mechanical frequencies (ω m /2π) and quality factors in the relevant regime ω m ≫ k B T has not been reached [3]. In contrast, in atomic physics laser cooling has enabled the preparation of motional ground states [4,5]. This has prompted researchers to study means of cooling a single mechanical resonator mode directly using laser radiation. Early work demonstrated cooling of a mechanical degree of freedom of a Fabry-Pérot mirror using a radiation pressure force controlled by an electronic feedback scheme [6,7], in analogy to stochastic cooling. In contrast, the radiation pressure induced coupling of an optical cavity mode to a mechanical oscillator [cf. Fig. 1(a)] can give rise to self-cooling via dynamical back-action [8]. In essence, the cavity delay induces correlations between the radiation pressure force and the thermal Brownian motion that lead to cooling or amplification, depending on the laser detuning. In a series of recent experiments, these effects have been used to cool a single mechanical mode [9,10,11]. While classical and semiclassical analysis of dynamical back-action have been developed [13,14], the question as to whether ground state cooling is possible has not been addressed.Here a quantum theory of cooling via dynamical backaction is presented. We find that final occupancies below unity can indeed be attained when the optical cavity's lifetime is comparable to or exceeds the mechanical oscillation period. Along these lines, an analogy between this mechanism and the sideband cooling of trapped ions in the Lamb-Dicke regime is elucidated [5]. In our setting the optical cavity mode plays the role of the ion's pseudospin mediating the frequency up-conversion underlying the cooling cycle. Finally, we discuss how the average phonon occupancy can be retrieved from the spectrum of the optical cavity output. We note that these results can be applied to a wide range of experimental realizations of cavity self-cooling [9,11,12].We treat the laser driven optical cavity mode coupled to the mechanical resonator mode as an open quantum system and adopt a rotating frame at the laser freq...

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Theory of Ground State Cooling of a Mechanical Oscillator Using Dynamical Backaction

et al. 2007

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“…This will be the subject of the present section. These effects have already been observed in experiments Carmon et al, 2005;Kippenberg et al, 2005;Metzger et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Basic Optomechanical Setupsupporting

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Optomechanics

Kubala¹,

Ludwig²,

Marquardt³

2009

NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics

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“…3b), the inner surface experiences 16% displacement relative to the outer surface. [28][29][30][31] , as opposed to the travelling-wave vibrations in Fig. 3b-f.…”

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Brillouin cavity optomechanics with microfluidic devices

et al. 2013

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Cavity optomechanics allows the parametric coupling of phonon- and photon-modes in microresonators and is presently investigated in a broad variety of solid-state systems. Optomechanics with superfluids has been proposed as a path towards ultra-low optical- and mechanical-dissipation. However, there have been no optomechanics experiments reported with non-solid phases of matter. Direct liquid immersion of optomechanics experiments is challenging since the acoustic energy simply leaks out to the higher-impedance liquid surrounding the device. Conversely, here we confine liquids inside hollow resonators thereby enabling optical excitation of mechanical whispering-gallery modes at frequencies ranging from 2 MHz to 11,000 MHz (for example, with mechanical Q = 4700 at 99 MHz). Vibrations are sustained even when we increase the fluid viscosity to be higher than that of blood. Our device enables optomechanical investigation with liquids, while light is conventionally coupled from the outer dry side of the capillary, and liquids are provided by means of a standard microfluidic inlet.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure

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Analysis of Radiation-Pressure Induced Mechanical Oscillation of an Optical Microcavity

Cited by 739 publications

References 42 publications

Theory of Ground State Cooling of a Mechanical Oscillator Using Dynamical Backaction

Theory of Ground State Cooling of a Mechanical Oscillator Using Dynamical Backaction

Optomechanics

Brillouin cavity optomechanics with microfluidic devices

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