Analysis of Risk Factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Infection and Pneumonia and among Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Illness during 2011-2014 Influenza Seasons in Korea

Kang, Seong Hui; Cheong, Hee Jin; Song, Joon Young; Noh, Ji Yun; Jeon, Jun Young; Choi, Min Joo; Jacob, Louis; Seo, Yu Bin; Lee, Jin Soo; Wie, Seong Heon; Jeong, Hye Won; Kim, Young Keun; Park, Kyung Hwa; Kim, Shin‐Woo; Jeong, Eun Joo; Lee, Sun Hee; Choi, Won Suk

doi:10.3947/ic.2016.48.4.294

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2,6,8,9 Increased risk of pneumonia development after influenza infection in chronically ill patients Elderly people and chronically ill patients are at elevated risk for post-influenza pneumonia. 14,15 According to a prospective cohort study based on hospital-based influenza surveillance, most patients with post-influenza pneumonia (72.9%) are 65 years of age. 14 Among co-morbidities, chronic lung disease resulted in the highest risk for pneumonia development, with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.16 (1.98-8.75), followed by chronic renal disease (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.12-7.87) and cerebrovascular disease (OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.70-3.69).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Influenza-related Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of influenza immunization on pneumonia in the elderly

Heo

Song

Noh³

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Influenza virus is a common pathogen implicated in respiratory tract infections, annually affecting up to 20% of the general population, and pneumonia is a leading cause of death after influenza infection. Post-influenza pneumonia is especially common in the elderly and chronically ill patients. The risk of post-influenza pneumonia is significantly increased according to the number of concurrent comorbidities. Vaccination is the primary measure used to abate influenza epidemics and associated complications. In meta-analyses, influenza vaccine significantly reduces pneumonia- and influenza-related hospitalizations, with a vaccine effectiveness of 25-53%. However, considering the poor effectiveness of conventional influenza vaccines in the elderly, several highly immunogenic influenza vaccines have been developed. Further evaluations of the comparative effectiveness of diverse vaccine formulations are warranted to assess their utility for preventing influenza infection, post-influenza pneumonia, and related hospitalization/mortality. Based on cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis, influenza vaccination strategies should be tailored in the elderly.

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Section: Pathogenesis Of Influenza-related Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of influenza immunization on pneumonia in the elderly

Heo

Song

Noh³

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Old age more than 75 years old, white race, chronic lung diseases, and immunosuppression were important risk factors in United States 15 . At recent, the article related with risk factors of pneumonia in 327 Korean patients with seasonal influenza who were managed at outpatient department and hospital was published 16 . They found, also, old age, lung diseases, and other chronic diseases are important risk factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Risk Factors of Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients with Seasonal Influenza A or B

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMost patients with influenza recover spontaneously or following treatment with an anti-viral agent, but some patients experience pneumonia requiring hospitalization. We conducted a retrospective review to determine the incidence and risk factors of pneumonia in hospitalized patients with influenza A or B.MethodsA total of 213 patients aged 18 years or older and hospitalized with influenza between January 2012 and January 2015 were included in this study. A reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the influenza A or B virus in the patients' sputum samples. We collected demographic and laboratory data, combined coexisting diseases, and radiologic findings.ResultsThe incidence of pneumonia was higher in patients in the influenza A group compared to those in the influenza B group (68.6% vs. 56.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant. The presence of underlying respiratory disease was significantly associated with pneumonia in the influenza A group (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.975; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.312–12.043; p=0.015). In the influenza B group, the white blood cell count (adjusted OR, 1.413; 95% CI, 1.053–1.896; p=0.021), platelet count (adjusted OR, 0.988; 95% CI, 0.978–0.999; p=0.027), and existence of an underlying medical disease (adjusted OR, 15.858; 95% CI, 1.757–143.088; p=0.014) were all significantly associated with pneumonia in multivariate analyses.ConclusionThe incidence of pneumonia was 65.7% in hospitalized patients with influenza A or B. The risk factors of pneumonia differed in hospitalized patients with influenza A or B.

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“… 1 Initially, the HIMM surveillance system was composed of two kinds of surveillance schemes: emergency room (ER)-based influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance. 1 2 In early 2013, the novel avian influenza A/H7N9 virus emerged and persistently circulated in China. Given its geographically close location and frequent travel to China, experts have expressed concern about domestic inflow of avian A/H7N9 influenza virus to Korea.…”

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Hospital-based Influenza Morbidity and Mortality (HIMM) Surveillance for A/H7N9 Influenza Virus Infection in Returning Travelers

et al. 2018

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Since 2013, the Hospital-based Influenza Morbidity and Mortality (HIMM) surveillance system began a H7N9 influenza surveillance scheme for returning travelers in addition to pre-existing emergency room (ER)-based influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance. Although limited to eastern China, avian A/H7N9 influenza virus is considered to have the highest pandemic potential among currently circulating influenza viruses. During the study period between October 1st, 2013 and April 30th, 2016, 11 cases presented with ILI within seven days of travel return. These patients visited China, Hong Kong, or neighboring Southeast Asian countries, but none of them visited a livestock market. Seasonal influenza virus (54.5%, 6 among 11) was the most common cause of ILI among returning travelers, and avian A/H7N9 influenza virus was not detected during the study period.

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Analysis of Risk Factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Infection and Pneumonia and among Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Illness during 2011-2014 Influenza Seasons in Korea

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of influenza immunization on pneumonia in the elderly

Effects of influenza immunization on pneumonia in the elderly

Incidence and Risk Factors of Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients with Seasonal Influenza A or B

Hospital-based Influenza Morbidity and Mortality (HIMM) Surveillance for A/H7N9 Influenza Virus Infection in Returning Travelers

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