Analysis of Risk Factors of Biopsychosocial with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Indonesian Pre-School Children

Abstract

Objective: To describe the Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Indonesian preschool children based on biopsychosocial risk factors. Material and Methods: This research is an analytic observational with a cross sectional design toward 506 preschool children aged 2-6 years at East Luwu Regency, Indonesia. The biopsychosocial data studied were gender, ethnicity, personal hygiene, child psychology, age, nutritional status, and dental and oral health behavior. These data were obtained through a questionnaire and clinical examination (nutritional status). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The statistical tests were performed at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Characteristics of respondents based on parents' origin, found that the majority of respondents were parents from Bugis tribes (68.4%) with ECC frequency of 72.2%. Regarding the visit to the dentist, 12.6% were afraid of the dentist, with ECC frequency of 71.9%. Most children had normal nutritional status (67%) with ECC frequency of 69.3%. Biopsychosocial factors, which significantly affect the Early Childhood Caries, were parents' tribe (p=0.022) and age (p=0.011). There was an association between ECC with brushing teeth before going to bed (p=0.049), use of mouthwash (p=0.002) and consumption of snacks (p<0.001). Conclusion: Biopsychosocial factor indicators are affect the Early Childhood Caries towards Indonesian preschool children.

Solution Inhibitory of Ant Nest (Myrmecodia Pendans) Extract on the Formation of Plaque in Children with Early Childhood Caries

“…shows the appropriate results that the ant nest has compounds that can inhibit bacterial growth. The results of this study also provide the same results that the use of ethanol solvents to extract active compounds in ant nests provides a zone of inhibition of tested bacteria [12][13][14].…”

Structural equation modelling of the complex relationship between toothache and its associated factors among Indonesian children

“…The Javanese population, mostly from Central Java, is known to consume limited portions of food, especially staple foods, fruits, and vegetables compared with other ethnic groups in the country 28 . A previous cross-sectional study of dental caries among children in South Sulawesi found higher prevalence (more than 15%) of early childhood caries in the Bugis, Toraja, and Javanese ethnicities compared to that in another ethnicities 29 . Interestingly, the Toraja ethnicity showed the highest toothache prevalence in 2014 of 25.93%.…”

Early Childhood Caries and Nutritional Status of Children: A Review

“…Moreover, they stated that healthy consumption patterns such as the Mediterranean-style diet offer a defensive effect against ECC; nevertheless, the fast-food-style Western diet brings about dental caries in children. According to Achmad et al 37 children who did not consume vegetables were more prone to ECC (77.9%), compared to children who consumed vegetables as a habit. Obradovic ´et al 47 found that higher meal frequency, having more than 8 meals per day was strongly correlated with the prevalence of S-ECC, according to cross-sectional observations.…”