Analysis of Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from food-poisoning cases in Taiwan by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, plasmid profile and phage typing

Tsen, Hau‐Yang; Lin, Jer-Sheng

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01343.x

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previous studies suggest that a limited number of S. Enteritidis clonal lines produce disease within the human population [11,12,26], but there is not enough information to support these observations because of the limited number of S. Enteritidis isolates tested between humans and chickens. In Korea, genotyping, phage typing, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of S. Enteritidis isolates from chickens or humans have been investigated, but the number of S. Enteritidis isolates analyzed was small [20,[28][29][30].…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Chickens and Humans in Korea

Kang

Jung

Kim

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Salmonella Enteritidis is the most common cause of salmonellosis in humans in South Korea. It has been recognized that the principal source of human infection with S. Enteritidis is chickens and their products such as meat and eggs. A total of 173 S. Enteritidis isolates from humans (65 isolates) and chickens or their products (108 isolates) were analyzed by antibiotic susceptibility assay, phage typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Drug resistance was found to streptomycin (32.3%), ampicillin (30.6%), nalidixic acid (30.1%), ticarcillin (30.1%), and tetracycline (28.3%). More than 70% of the isolates were found to be resistant to one or more antibiotics tested. The most frequent patterns of resistant isolates were resistance to nalidixic acid only (28.3%) and resistance to two antibiotics (four combinations; 20.2%). The most predominant phage type (PT) was PT1 (27.2%) followed by PT21 (20.8%) and PT4 (8.7%) in chicken and human isolates. Nineteen different PFGE patterns were found among the 173 isolates, and A1 was the most common PFGE pattern, followed by A6 (17.3%). Most S. Enteritis isolates (except two isolates with patterns B and C) showed similar PFGE patterns that differed by only a few bands. These results show that 2 or 3 subtypes of S. Enteritidis are shared to a large extent by humans and chickens. This implies the possibility of the spread of chicken S. Enteritidis to humans.

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Chickens and Humans in Korea

Kang

Jung

Kim

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…RDNC, reaction does not conform to the phage type. the initial source of epidemics (22,23). Epidemiologic information garnered from phage typing is dependent upon the relative stability of any given Salmonella phage type over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In diagnostic laboratories, the sources of epidemics have been traced horizontally across continents and vertically from contaminated food and feed to human and animal disease (8,15,22,23). In light of this observed stability, the difference in phage types between these archived samples is particularly striking.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diversity of Phage Types among Archived Cultures of the Demerec Collection of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Strains

Rabsch

Helm

Eisenstark

2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The existence of several thousand Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 and LT7 cultures originally collected by M. Demerec and sealed in agar stab vials for 33 to 46 years is a resource for evolutionary and mutational studies. Cultures from 74 of these vials, descendants of cells sealed and stored in nutrient agar stabs several decades ago, were phage typed by the Callow and Felix, Lilleengen, and Anderson systems. Among 53 LT2 archived strains, 16 had the same phage type as the nonarchival sequenced LT2 strain. The other 37 archived cultures differed in phage typing pattern from the sequenced strain. These 37 strains were divided into 10 different phage types. Among the 19 LT7 strains, only one was similar to the parent by phage typing, while 18 were different. These 18 strains fell into eight different phage types. The typing systems were developed to track epidemics from source to consumer, as well as geographic spread. The value of phage typing is dependent upon the stability of the phage type of any given strain throughout the course of the investigation. Thus, the variation over time observed in these archived cultures is particularly surprising. Possible mechanisms for such striking diversity may include loss of prophages, prophage mosaics as a result of recombination events, changes in phage receptor sites on the bacterial cell surface, or mutations in restriction-modification systems.Decades ago, thousands of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 and LT7 mutant cultures were collected for inter-and intragenic mapping of the chromosome. The strains were initially isolated by K. Lilleengen (9). In 1950, Lilleengen sent strains to J. Lederberg, and these cultures became the basis of transduction experiments (24). LT2 and LT7 strains were then sent to M. Demerec for development of a serovar Typhimurium genetic map based on recombination between neighboring alleles via phage P22 transduction (3,4,17). These strains were stored in sealed agar stabs at room temperature, and most survive today.Phage typing distinguishes serovar Typhimurium variants based on their susceptibility to a set of phages. The present battery of 209 definitive phage types (DTs) (L. Ward, personal communication) at the Robert Koch Institute has been used for long-term surveillance of serovar Typhimurium (15) and identification of the spread of different, yet closely related, serotypes in the tracking of disease (8), in addition to tracking host-adapted variants within a particular serovar of S. enterica (13). Because the phage type of a given strain has been shown to be stable under standard laboratory conditions, it can be assumed that these strains all had the same phage type when they were introduced into the vials decades ago. The original LT2 strain sent to the former Institute of Experimental Epidemiology (now the Robert Koch Institute) was retyped annually as one of the reference phage type test strains from a Dorset agar (egg yolk) culture, and we found no changes in phage types from 1976 to 1989.Samples of several L...

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“…Serotyping, based on the Kauffmann-White scheme, remains the standard for classification of Salmonella isolates in outbreak investigations but now has been supplemented by a range of molecular genotyping methods [1,2]. In recent years, molecular-based techniques, such as PulsedField Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Automatic Ribo-typing, rep-PCR, Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) have been shown to be useful methods for discrimination among isolates of pathogens [3,4]. Molecular-typing methods including rep-PCR, Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) have been shown to be useful methods for discrimination among isolates of pathogens [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, molecular-based techniques, such as PulsedField Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Automatic Ribo-typing, rep-PCR, Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) have been shown to be useful methods for discrimination among isolates of pathogens [3,4]. Molecular-typing methods including rep-PCR, Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) have been shown to be useful methods for discrimination among isolates of pathogens [3,4]. Recent advances in molecular techniques have generated several typing methods based on PCR for genetic assessment of genetic relatedness of bacterial or fungal strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAPD-PCR as a Molecular Discriminative Technique for Human Pathogenic Bacteria - A Review

Pal¹

2015

ILNS

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ABSTRACT. The application of random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) was found to be a simple, cheap and rapid tool to discriminate human pathogenic bacterial isolates especially at intraspecific level. This molecular biological technique relies on the use of random oligonucleotide primers that arbitrarily amplifies specific regions of the genome which gives rise to a unique genomic fingerprint of the strains under investigations. With continued development of novel molecular-based technologies for rapid, high-throughput detection of food borne pathogenic bacteria, the future of conventional microbiological methods such as viable cell enumeration, selective isolation of bacteria on commercial media, and immunoassays seems tenuous. Approaches that enhance recovery of sub lethally injured bacteria, differentiation among species, differentiation among bacteria of interest using biochemical profiling, enumeration using impedance technology, techniques to confirm the presence of target pathogens using immunological methods, and bioluminescence applications for hygiene monitoring are of utmost need in identifying and combating the human pathogenic isolates. The aim of this study is to estimate the efficiency of RAPD-PCR technique in assessing the genetic diversity of diseases causing bacterial isolates. The use of RAPD-PCR in evaluating the genomic variability among the pathogenic strains belonging to different genus are also been discussed in the present report.

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Analysis of Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from food-poisoning cases in Taiwan by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, plasmid profile and phage typing

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Chickens and Humans in Korea

Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Chickens and Humans in Korea

Diversity of Phage Types among Archived Cultures of the Demerec Collection of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Strains

RAPD-PCR as a Molecular Discriminative Technique for Human Pathogenic Bacteria - A Review

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