Analysis of Sediment Distribution at the Intake Structure

Abstract

As a Maritim country, most of Indonesia’s population lives near the coast or estuary. The main problem felt by the community is sanitation, clean water. The utilization of groundwater is very limited in number because of the influence of seawater intrusion. On the other hand, excess freshwater from upstream is very abundant, especially around the estuary. However, the morphological condition of the river downstream or bay has a significant depth and dimension, so it requires expensive exploitation costs in using the water. One of the solutions that have been done currently to use the water as raw water for clean water is by building free intake around the estuary. Along with river utilization, problems have been found regarding intake capacity and sediment entering the intake beyond the expectation. As a result, it gives an excessive burden on the water treatment plant. This research is an experimental study conducted in the laboratory that aims to determine the distribution of sediment in free intake building. The aims of the research end up to get the most effective intake placement elevation in terms of the capacity and the amount of sediment entering the intake. As a result of this study, it can cope with the high sedimentation rates in the free intake building. The results showed that the minimum discharge to 0.5 lt/second in the intake high (h1) was 0.04 gr, while in the intake high (h3) was 0.01 gr. For the maximum discharge to 0.7 l/sec in the intake (h1) was 1.7 gr while in the intake high (h3) was 0.02 gr. The amount of sediment that comes out through the intake will be directly proportional to the fluid flow in the channel with the same slope and elevation. However, the amount of sediment that comes out through the intake will inversely proportional to the intake elevation, discharge, and the same slope.