Analysis of sensitivity of different criteria in cytogenetic monitoring

Буторина, А. К.; Калаев, В. Н.

doi:10.1007/bf02762819

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Meristematic cells of onion rootlets germinated on the samples which were collected during high spring water revealed delays at later stages, beginning with metaphase, while the prophase duration was significantly lower than control. Cell delay in metaphase may indicate violations in the division spindle formation, and at the stages of anaphase-telophase does the violation in the cell wall formation (Butorina & Kalaev, 2000). A study of autumn samples showed that against the background of a decrease in the mitotic index of the test object, the proportion of prophase cells increased, which is probably due to damages of the supra-molecular structure of chromosomes, which prevent the transition to next stages of mitosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that in some cases dicentric chromosomes pass through mitosis as a result of the "rupture-fusion-bridge" cycle and persist for several cell generations. Fragments in this case are not included in the forming daughter nuclei and are lysed by enzymes or remain in the cell cytoplasm in the form of micronuclei (Butorina & Kalaev, 2000). The chromosome laggings ( Micronuclei detected at the telophase stage were small, well-formed rounded formations of nuclear material located in the cytoplasm of the cell at a certain distance from the main nucleus (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxic and mutagenic activities of surface water from the Chumysh River

2017

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The Allium test system is worldwide used for biological monitoring of environmental pollutants. We have studied toxic and mutagenic activity of water from the Chumysh River, which is one of the largest tributaries of the Upper Ob. Water samples were taken near industrial settlement Talmenka (Altai Territory of Russia) during the spring flood and low autumn water level in 2015. Root tips of Allium cepa L. was used as a biological model. There were examined 30 samples. Purified tap water of medium hardness served as a control sample. After the synchronizing the cell divisions, the onion bulbs with roots reaching a length of 2-3 mm were transferred to glass cups containing the selected samples of River water and cultured for several days at a temperature of +24 ± 1°C. After exposure, root tips were rinsed in distilled water and fixed in a cold mixture of ethanol and acetic acid (3:1). Fixed samples were used after 12-24 h or transferred to 70% alcohol and stored in refrigerator at a temperature of +4°C until required. The fixed materials were hydrolyzed in 1N HCl at 60°C for 5-8 min and squashed in aceto-orcein. Prepared slides were viewed under the microscope at a magnification of ×90. The mitotic index (MI), the phase indices, the frequency of abnormal mitosis, and chromosomal aberrations were determined by the examination of 500 cells per a replicate (100 cells per slide). We established that the decreased or increased levels of mitotic activity and the frequencies of pathological mitoses (up to 7.9%, P < 0.05) in onion root tips revealed the presence of mitotoxic and genotoxic agents in the Chumysh River water. We found that the most number of chromosomal abnormalities occurs at the stages of meta-or anaphase. The main abnormalities are chromosome laggings in meta-and anaphase, chromosome bridges, chromosome fragments and micronuclei. Their number increased in 5.0-10.8 times compared with the control value. It has been discovered the temporal and spatial distribution of compounds with different toxicity and genotoxicity within a stream. The greatest level of mitotic depression and the highest frequency of chromosomal mutations were observed in the tissues of the onion root tips germinated on the samples collected in low autumn water. The mechanisms of plant adaptation to unfavorable environmental factors are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic and mutagenic activities of surface water from the Chumysh River

2017

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“…В за-висимости от природы стресса и характера причиненных повреждений реакция клеток апикальной меристемы может быть различной. До определенных уровней стрес-совые воздействия действуют как катализатор процесса деления клеток, но при их усилении происходит подавле-ние митотической активности [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Variability of cytogenetic disturbances in Lonicera caerulea (blue honeysuckle) population in an active fault zone

Boyarskikh

Георгиевна²,

Kulikova

et al. 2017

Ecological genetics

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Background. In active fault zones, geophysical and geochemical anomalies may have a genotoxic effect on plants growing there, as one of the factors of evolutionary transformation of plant populations. Materials and methods. We applied a cytogenetic analysis to evaluate the genotoxic effect on a Lonicera caerulea L. (blue honeysuckle) natural population in one of the active fault zones in the Altai Mountains. Results. We derived principal cytogenetic indices (i.e., mitotic, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase indices as well as proportion and range of abnormal mitoses) for meristematic cells of Lonicera caerulea seedlings. The increase in the mitotic activity of meristematic cells from the sites in the local fault zone is connected with the occurrence of the prophase-metaphase block to prevent consequences of an increased cell death (as a result of abnormal mitoses in these phases) and to compensate their losses by a greater number of divisions. We observed the increase in the proportion of abnormal mitoses in samples from almost all the test sites, compared with the control site. This demonstrates the increase in the genotoxic effect of geophysical and geochemical anomalies in these sites. The range of abnormal mitoses of samples from all the test sites shows the increase in the proportion of abnormalities in metaphase, compared to the control site where they can be equally found in metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Conclusion. The results demonstrate changes of mitotic activity, frequency of occurrence and the spectrum of mitotic anomalies in the root meristem of blue honeysuckle, which grows in conditions with contrast geophysical characteristics.

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“…The measurements were conducted on the digital shots in the Axio Vision v. 4.7 software pack age. The cytogenetic abnormalities in the meristem atic tissues of the seedlings were classified according to the descriptions by (Butorina and Kalaev, 2000) and (Kalashnik, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytogenetic abnormalities in living organisms often become basic elements of complex environmental monitoring in major industrial areas. In this instance, coniferous seeds are often used as test objects with their radicles examined for mitosis pathologies, chromosomal aber rations, and nucleolar activity (Butorina and Kalaev, 2000;Kalashnik, 2008;Pardaeva et al, 2013). It would be logical to compare the degree of pollen quality deg radation and the level of cytogenetic abnormalities in seeds of the same plants growing in the contrast con ditions of a technogenically polluted environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quality of pollen and cytogenetic changes of scotch pine as indicators of the impact of the technogenically polluted environment of Krivoy Rog

Коршиков

Lapteva

Belonozhko

2015

Contemp. Probl. Ecol.

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The quality of pollen and cytogenetic changes of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) are studied. The pines growing on different sites in Krivoy Rog (on an iron ore stock dump near a large metallurgical plant and in the tree nursery of the Krivoy Rog Botanical Garden) are compared to plants from the forest district in environmentally unpolluted Ternopol oblast. It is found that the percentage of pollen with abnormalities of development in germinating pollen tubes is 4.5-18.2 times higher and the percentage of cytogenetic abnor malities in cycling cells of sprouted seed radicles is 2-4.2 times higher than in the plants from the forest dis trict in the Ternopol oblast.

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Analysis of sensitivity of different criteria in cytogenetic monitoring

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Toxic and mutagenic activities of surface water from the Chumysh River

Toxic and mutagenic activities of surface water from the Chumysh River

Variability of cytogenetic disturbances in Lonicera caerulea (blue honeysuckle) population in an active fault zone

Quality of pollen and cytogenetic changes of scotch pine as indicators of the impact of the technogenically polluted environment of Krivoy Rog

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