Analysis of Serum Copper and Zinc Concentrations in Cancer Patients

Zowczak, Miłosława; Iskra, Maria; Torliński, Lech; Cofta, Szczepan

doi:10.1385/bter:82:1-3:001

Cited by 198 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, there are raising questions whether these elements have toxic effects on human health when their available concentrations reached to a level higher than needed for biological functions, and whether these elements are essential. In this context, there are contradictory results in the literature (Piccinini et al, 1996;Zowczak et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serum Levels of Trace Elements in Patients with Prostate Cancer

Kaba¹,

Pirinççi²,

Yüksel³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Trace elements are major components of biological structures; however, excessive levels of these elements can be toxic. Materials and Methods: In the present study, serum levels of trace elements were measured in 30 patients with newly diagnosed as prostate cancer and 32 healthy volunteer by using furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: It was found that there was an increase in serum levels of Co, Cu, Mg and Pb (p<0.05), whereas a decrease in serum levels of Fe, Mn, and Zn levels in patients with prostate cancer (p<0.05). Conclusions: These changes may be important in the pathogenesis of prostate cancers; however, further prospective studies are needed to identify relationships between prostate cancer and trace elements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serum Levels of Trace Elements in Patients with Prostate Cancer

Kaba¹,

Pirinççi²,

Yüksel³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Another intriguing role of copper is the promotion of angiogenesis for facilitating tumor to progress, thus leading to cancers associated with HIV infection. 74 Metallothionein increases the hepatic resistance against metal toxicity and may enhance intracellular metal ion binding capacity. 7,38 Together with decreased hepatocytic secretion of albumin (another zinc transporter) and of transferrin and lactoferrin, this causes decreased serum zinc and iron values.…”

Section: Impact Of Trace Elements Deficiencies In Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zinc deficiency causes an imbalance between Thelper cell 1 and T-helper cell 2 functions with proportionally greater impairment of cell mediated immunity and prevents regeneration of new CD4 T-lymphocytes. 74 HIV infection, similarly, results in dysregulated cytokine balance with shift from Th1 systemic cellular host defense cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma) to Th2 humoral response cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10), even before loss of CD4 lymphocytes. The HIV nucleocapsid protein contains two highly conserved zinc fingers, crucial for proper core assembly and viral replication.…”

Section: Impact Of Trace Elements Deficiencies In Hiv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

TJNPR

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“…Remarkably, Cu(PyED) • SO 4 cleaves the DNA template strand before the polymerase can extend it. The ability of Cu(PyED) • SO 4 and related Cu(II) enediyne complexes to damage DNA is important since Cu(II) is required for tumorigenesis and is observed in malignancies at increased levels (20,21). The implication is that, once the enediyne ligand has entered the cell, it can bind to, and be activated by, Cu(II) for diradical formation (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designed metalloenediyne warheads damage DNA and outpace DNA polymerase

Kirk¹

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Normal cells eventually undergo a highly regulated process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, while abnormalities in this process may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer. Cancer cells differ from normal cells with respect to their resistance to signals that control both cell growth and apoptosis. Furthermore, they divide more rapidly than normal cells, resulting in the development of cancerous tumors and metastasis. This has led to tremendous research efforts that aim to identify the various causes of cancer and aggressively treat this deadly disease. One strategy for combating cancer focuses on the inhibition of DNA polymerases, which function to synthesize DNA and are essential for DNA replication and damage repair. An orthogonal approach centers on the development of chemotherapeutic agents that can damage DNA in a manner that does not allow repair or replication by DNA polymerases. In PNAS, Zaleski and coworkers (1) use this latter approach and describe studies of new enediyne transition metal complexes (metalloenediynes) that function as cytotoxic metal-mediated diradical generators.Enediynes ( Fig. 1) are highly toxic bacterial natural product compounds that contain the 3-ene-1,5-diyne conjugated unit as part of a 9-to 10-member ring system (2). These compounds are susceptible to thermal-activated and photoactivated Bergman cycloaromatization reactions that result in the formation of 1,4-didehydrobenzene diradical derivatives. The diradicals generated from enediynes are highly reactive chemical "warheads" that can abstract hydrogen atoms from the DNA sugar backbone as a mechanistic component of their DNA cleaving reactivity. As such, they are among the most potent naturally occurring cytotoxic compounds that function as antitumor agents (2). Thus, many natural enediynes possess limited therapeutic utility due to their high toxicity. This has led to extensive research efforts focused on the design of new enediyne agents (3), the attachment of the enediyne warhead to drug delivery systems that specifically target DNA (2), and how to trigger a specific event or cascade of events that result in siteselective diradical formation (4). DNA double-strand breaks that are induced by enediyne activity can trigger a DNA damage protein response leading to cell cycle arrest. The activation of checkpoint pathways that regulate the mechanism of DNA repair can then lead to apoptotic cell death if the DNA lesion is not repairable (5).The cycloaromatization reaction that leads to diradical formation is similar to Woodward-Hoffmann [2+2] cycloadditions (6). Key to the reactivity of enediynes is the proximity (7, 8) of the terminal -yne C 1 -C 6 carbon atoms, which interact along the reaction coordinate to form the cyclized diradical intermediate ( Fig. 1 B and C). For example, ab initio computations indicate that the parent (Z)-hex-3-ene-1,5-diyne possesses a C 1 -C 6 distance of 4.32 Å (9) and is quite stable at physiological temperature with an activation enthalpy (ΔH ‡ ) of 28.2 kcal/mol. Nicolaou et a...

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Analysis of Serum Copper and Zinc Concentrations in Cancer Patients

Cited by 198 publications

References 15 publications

Serum Levels of Trace Elements in Patients with Prostate Cancer

Serum Levels of Trace Elements in Patients with Prostate Cancer

Untitled

Designed metalloenediyne warheads damage DNA and outpace DNA polymerase

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