Analysis of Sexual Behavior in Rams (Ovis aries).

Abstract

In this study, a matured ram was paired with an estrus ewe and sexual behavior was investigated. All the behavior was recorded by a time-lapse video tape recorder from the start of pairing. The series of unit movements comprising the sexual behavior, the mounting series (MS), was extracted from the record and analyzed quantitatively (n = 774). The MS starts from ram's approaching or following a ewe and ends by ram's mounting on a ewe. The sexual behavior was consisted of the following eight unit movements, following or approaching (F/A), chin resting (CR), flehmen (Fl), mounting (Mo), nosing (No), nudging (Nu), pushing (Pu) and twisting (Tw). Analysis of a frequency of any combinations of two unit movements consisted of preceding and succeeding ones, observed in the MS was conducted by cell-by-cell test using the transitional matrix to make a flow-diagram of the ram's sexual behavior. As a result, the pattern of unit movements, F/A-Tw-Nu-CR-Mo, formed a main route of the MS, whereas the repertoire of a sequential pattern increased by diverging. Though Fl and No didn't lead to mounting directly, these movements associated with olfactory perception also belonged to sexual behavior and may have independent function from other six unit movements that constitute the MS.

Do sheep (Ovis aries) perform third‐party interventions?

“…Two types of sampling methods were used, which were scan sampling and ad libitum sampling (Martin & Bateson, 1993; Miranda‐de la Lama et al, 2019). The ethogram used is presented on Table S2 and the description of the behaviors was based on the previously reported studies (Done‐Currie et al, 1984; Hass, 1991; Miranda‐de la Lama et al, 2019; Odagiri et al, 1995; Powell et al, 2013). For each animal, the total number of times engaged in each of those social interactions was calculated, divided by the total observation time of each observational period.…”

Egg-Eating Behaviour in Laboratory Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri scuireus).

“…A transition matrix consisting of preceding movements listed in columns and succeeding movements listed in rows was constructed [9][10][11]. When the same movement was repeated in succession, it was not included in the matrix.…”

La conducta sexual del carnero. Revisión

“…According to Odagiri et al (39) copulation starts from the approach of the ram or the monitoring of a particular female, and ends with ejaculation; consists of eight units of behavior: tracking or approach, rest chin, flehmen, mount, nasal contact, butting, rub on the flank of the female and raising a fore arm. When these researchers analyzed the frequency of any combination of two units of behavior considering the predecessor and the next, observed that the most common chain was the approach-raise forward arm-butting-rest chin-mount.…”

“…De acuerdo con Odagiri et al (39) la cópula inicia desde el acercamiento del carnero o el seguimiento en particular de una hembra, y termina con la eyaculación; está compuesta por ocho unidades de conducta: seguimiento o acercamiento, descanso de la barbilla, flehmen, monta, contacto nasal, topeteo, restregarse en el flanco de la hembra y elevar una extremidad delantera. Cuando estos investigadores analizaron la frecuencia de cualquier combinación de dos unidades de conducta considerando la antecesora y la siguiente, observaron que la cadena más común fue la de: seguir-elevar su extremidad anterior-topetear-descanso de barbilla-monta.…”