Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Single-Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Parameters Affecting the Quality of Results

Evaluation of the Potential of Single Particle ICP-MS for the Accurate Measurement of the Number Concentration of AuNPs of Different Sizes and Coatings

“…To gain a deeper insight into the discrepancy between PNC direct and PNC mean , in-house determination of the Au mass fraction for all of the commercial materials was carried out by conventional ICP-MS (Table S18). The relevance of the evaluation of this parameter relies on the linear impact of its bias on PNC mean (eqs and ) and on the fact that substantial differences between the nominal value listed on the vendor-supplied documentation and experimental mass fraction have been reported recently for 30 nm PVP-coated AuNPs (∼20%) and 60 nm AgNPs (∼40%) . Regardless of NP size or coating, the amount of ionic Au background measured during spICP-MS analysis was below the limit of detection, 0.020 ng g –1 , for all working suspensions.…”

Exploring the boundaries in the analysis of large particles by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: application to nanoclays

“…17,18 The efficiency values are dependent on the components of the sample introduction system, apart from other operational parameters, such as the nebuliser gas or the sample uptake ow rates. 15,19 For the analysis of nanoparticles, the most commonly used systems consist of concentric nebulisers coupled to double pass or cyclonic spray chambers, with the transport efficiencies reported ranging from 1 to 10% by applying sample ow rates of 0.1-1 mL min À1 . 15,[20][21][22] In order to improve these values, one possibility is the use of low uptake ow rates of some mL min À1 .…”

An approach to estimate the contribution of signal noise to the diameter uncertainty of individual silver nanoparticles and resolution of spICP-MS analysis

“…Conversely, by increasing the sampling depth and/or reducing the gas ow rate, a complete evaporation of larger NPs particles can be ensured. 26,30,31 The latter will extend the dynamic range of the method (usually by only one order of magnitude 32 ) when NPs size is characterized. Loula et al 30 also showed the effects of RF power and sample ow rates on the signals for 60 nm Ag NPs.…”

“…26,30,31 The latter will extend the dynamic range of the method (usually by only one order of magnitude 32 ) when NPs size is characterized. Loula et al 30 also showed the effects of RF power and sample ow rates on the signals for 60 nm Ag NPs. Recently, Kinnunen et al 33 applied a general factorial design for the investigation of mutual interactions of plasma RF-power, sampling depth, and nebulizer gas ow on spICP-MS analysis of gold NPs for improving the sensitivity of determination.…”

“…However, later studies have shown that determining the transport efficiency by the particle frequency method poses a number of problems, 28 which may lead to inconsistencies in the assessment of particle number concentration. 18,30 Therefore, authors claimed that the size-based measurement of the transport efficiency is more robust than the frequency-based one. On the contrary, Tuoriniemi et al 20 strongly recommended a waste collection method as a non-RM-based approach after the correction of the obtained results with analyte partitioning effects during nebulization.…”