Objectives: The aim of this article was to identify and prospectively investigate simulated ultrasound-guided targeted liver biopsy performance metrics as differentiators between levels of expertise in interventional radiology. Methods: Task analysis produced detailed procedural step documentation allowing identification of critical procedure steps and performance metrics for use in a virtual reality ultrasound-guided targeted liver biopsy procedure. Consultant (n514; male511, female53) and trainee (n526; male519, female57) scores on the performance metrics were compared. Ethical approval was granted by the Liverpool Research Ethics Committee (UK). Independent t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) investigated differences between groups. Results: Independent t-tests revealed significant differences between trainees and consultants on three performance metrics: targeting, p50.018, t522.487 (22.040 to 20.207); probe usage time, p50.040, t52.132 (11.064 to 427.983); mean needle length in beam, p50.029, t522.272 (20.028 to 20.002). ANOVA reported significant differences across years of experience (0-1, 1-2, 3+ years) on seven performance metrics: no-go area touched, p50.012; targeting, p50.025; length of session, p50.024; probe usage time, p50.025; total needle distance moved, p50.038; number of skin contacts, p,0.001; total time in no-go area, p50.008. More experienced participants consistently received better performance scores on all 19 performance metrics. Conclusion: It is possible to measure and monitor performance using simulation, with performance metrics providing feedback on skill level and differentiating levels of expertise. However, a transfer of training study is required.