Analysis of single raindrops in the nl range by capillary electrophoresis

Tenberken, B.; Ebert, P.; Hartmann, M.; Kibler, M.; Mainka, A.; Prokop, T.; Röder, A.; Bächmann, K.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(96)00202-6

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Uma ampla variedade de materiais (e dimensões) tem sido empregada na fabricação dos microeletrodos. Há na literatura a descrição de eletrodos confeccionados com fibra 40 66,144,145,147,148,182,188,[190][191][192]194,195 . Eletrodos modificados oferecem diferentes possibilidades de detecção, como, por exemplo, a diminuição dos potenciais de oxidação ou redução de diversas espécies.…”

Section: Detecção Amperométrica (Ad)unclassified

Detecção eletroquímica em eletroforese capilar

Silva¹

2003

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 12/11/01; aceito em 11/6/02 ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION IN CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS. This review focuses the development of electrochemical detection systems coupled to capillary electrophoresis. Conductometric, amperometric, voltametric, and potentiometric modes of detection are reviewed. The positioning of the electrodes, interferences of high electric field, and the materials employed in the fabrication and modification of the electrodes are discussed. The advantages of the use of electrochemical detection with capillary electrophoresis, regarding to the sensitivity and selectivity, is exemplified with a large number of applications. Also, the use of electrochemical detection systems in microchip technology is addressed.

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Section: Detecção Amperométrica (Ad)unclassified

Detecção eletroquímica em eletroforese capilar

Silva¹

2003

Quím. Nova

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“…Different mechanisms are responsible for the variation in the chemical content of raindrops [3][4]: -evaporation -particle and gas scavenging -collision, coalescence and break up of raindrops -chemical reactions inside raindrops. More detailed information about atmospheric processes can be obtained by investigating the history of single and size-classified raindrops on their way to ground [3][4][5][6][7]. Comparing the results for carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids it is possible to get additional information concerning the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of new methods for the analysis of carboxylic acids and carbonyl compounds in size classified raindrops by CE for application in modelling atmospheric processes

et al. 1997

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Suhtmary ~At the present time the formation processes of clouds and precipitation are not totally understood. Because cloud-and raindroplets are major sinks for chemical species in the atmosphere it is important to understand the physical and the chemical processes which occur during precipitation. The development of models is hindered by the scarcity of information about the scavenging of gases or aerosol particles by raindrops of different sizes. These processes can only be investigated by field experiments using microanalytical methods and analysing single raindrops as well as size-classified raindrop samples. R~indrops were collected according to their size by freeflng them in liquid nitrogen ("Guttalgor" method). S~/mple volumes of the smallest raindrop sizes (radius < 200 gm) were usually smaller than 2 gL. The analysis of microvolumina in the size range of gL down to pL required the development of methods designed especially for this purpose. Analysis of rain samples was carried out by capillary electrophoresis. Organic acids were determined using a new electrolyte system for indirect detection. With this system it was possible to determine monocarboxylic acids (C1-C4) dicarboxylic acids (C2-C4, C9) and inorganic anions (CI-, NO3-, SO42-) in the rain samples. Carbonyl compounds were analysed after derivatisation with dansylhydrazine using direct UV-detection. The system allows the idenPresented at the 21 st ISC held in Stuttgart, Germany, 15th-20 th September, 1996 tification of aliphatic carbonyl compounds (C1-C3, C5) as well as benzaldehyd e. It was found that carbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids showed concentration maxima at different raindrop radii. These concentration maxima are a consequence of particle scavenging. By using the results of a former experiment we concluded that the two species are located on different aerosol particle sizes. Reasons for the different particle sizes where these species are located are discussed.

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“…4 Individual and sizeclassified rain droplets were analyzed by Bächmann and his research group using capillary zone electrophoresis. 1,[5][6][7][8] In these cases, however, the direct collection of falling rain and the quantitative analysis was technically difficult and not practical for field work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analytical Method for Single Rain Droplets via Crystal Formation in Photocrosslinking Polymer Gel

et al. 2019

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Ion composition contained in individual rain droplets provides important information to investigate the chemistry in rain and clouds, but general rain sampling equipment temporally and spatially averages the information. Determination of the SO4 2concentration in an individual rain droplet was achieved by precipitate production in synthesized acrylamide polymer gel. Concentration of the target ion was calculated from the droplet print diameter and precipitation area measured from digital microscope images. We investigated the effects of the interior electrolyte concentration in the polyacrylamide gel and UV irradiation time on the physical properties of the gel and precipitate formation. The precipitated components were identified by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. We also clarified the effects of coexisting ions on the reaction between the interior and exterior electrolytes. For actual rainwater, the SO4 2concentration estimated by this method was in agreement with the results obtained by ion chromatography.

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Analysis of single raindrops in the nl range by capillary electrophoresis

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Detecção eletroquímica em eletroforese capilar

Detecção eletroquímica em eletroforese capilar

Development of new methods for the analysis of carboxylic acids and carbonyl compounds in size classified raindrops by CE for application in modelling atmospheric processes

Quantitative Analytical Method for Single Rain Droplets via Crystal Formation in Photocrosslinking Polymer Gel

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