Crystalline silicon (c-Si) thin film is extremely important for low-cost, high performance Si-based devices, such as thin-film transistors and solar cells. We demonstrate that microwave irradiation onto amorphous silicon (a-Si) film on glass substrate with carbon overcoat is able to induce fast crystallization at a short annealing time, less than 300 s, 300 watt. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify the evolution of crystallization. The reason of fast crystallization is attributed to, upon microwave irradiation, the microwave absorption of carbon overcoat to generate thermal energy, the dielectric properties of the heated a-Si, and facilitated nucleation of c-Si crystallites due to enhanced atomic vibration. The microwave crystallization of a-Si is extendable to produce c-Si on various substrates, such as plastics, on large area and remote bases.
BACKGROUNDTo crystallize as-deposited amorphous Si film is by no means easy by simple post annealing, which usually needs high temperature and long soaking time, due to the very high active energy of crystallization. Conventionally, there were many accesses for the crystallization of aSi film, such as solid phase crystallization (SPC) [1], excimer laser annealing (ELA) [2], and metal-induced crystallization (MIC) [3]. Among them, MIC effect is suitable to crystallize Si at lower temperature but at the expense of possible contamination and film disintegration. Therefore, the exploration of an alternative way to crystallize a-Si thin film efficiently at a low temperature and short time to avoid any possible contamination and at a capacity of large film area is still an eager pursuit [4].