Analysis of states of water in poly (vinyl alcohol) based DMFC membranes using FTIR and DSC

Hwang, Bing‐Joe; Joseph, Jorphin; Zeng, Yu-Zhen; Lin, Chi‐Wen; Cheng, Ming‐Yao

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2010.11.031

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, the excessive swelling of PVA-PWA composite membranes limits their mechanical strength. For PEM applications, PVA is commonly incorporated into the PEM as a crosslinked partner via aldol condensation [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] or esterification [49,[71][72][73][74][75][76] to form a 3D network structure. Moreover, the degree of crosslinking of the PVA-based membranes has been shown to be easy to control via successive chemical treatments (aldol condensation or esterification).…”

Section: Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) (Pva)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome this drawback, a crosslinking strategy has been employed to fabricate a DMFC membrane. However, the PVA membranes are poor proton conductors as compared with Nafion ® ; hence it is necessary to combine it with a monomer, oligomer or polymer that contains negatively charged ions (carboxylic and/or sulfonic acid groups), such as sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) [71], poly (styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSA-PMA) [72], poly (acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) (PAA-PMA) [76], p-sulfonate phenolic (s-Ph) [130], sulfonated polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (sPOSS) [131], sulfonated poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK) [132], sulfonated poly (arylene ether ketone) (SPAKE) [74] or 4-formyl-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid disodium salt (DSDSBA) [70] (Table 3; 1-9). Figure 7 illustrates the preparation of PVA-based crosslinked membranes.…”

Section: Crosslinked Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Based Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Soluble Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

2012

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Abstract:The relentless increase in the demand for useable power from energy-hungry economies continues to drive energy-material related research. Fuel cells, as a future potential power source that provide clean-at-the-point-of-use power offer many advantages such as high efficiency, high energy density, quiet operation, and environmental friendliness. Critical to the operation of the fuel cell is the proton exchange membrane (polymer electrolyte membrane) responsible for internal proton transport from the anode to the cathode. PEMs have the following requirements: high protonic conductivity, low electronic conductivity, impermeability to fuel gas or liquid, good mechanical toughness in both the dry and hydrated states, and high oxidative and hydrolytic stability in the actual fuel cell environment. Water soluble polymers represent an immensely diverse class of polymers. In this comprehensive review the initial focus is on those members of this group that have attracted publication interest, principally: chitosan, poly (ethylene glycol), poly (vinyl alcohol), poly (vinylpyrrolidone), poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) and poly (styrene sulfonic acid). The paper then considers in detail the relationship of structure to functionality in the context of polymer blends and polymer based networks together with the effects of membrane crosslinking on IPN and semi IPN architectures. This is followed by a review of pore-filling and other impregnation approaches. Throughout the paper detailed numerical results are given for comparison to today's state-of-the-art Nafion ® based materials.

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Section: Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) (Pva)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crosslinked Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Based Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Soluble Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

2012

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“…The peaks at stretching vibrations of 1244, 1137 and 1024 cm −1 confirms sulfonation of PVA. 33,[35][36][37] The peak at 1244 and 1024 cm −1 are attributed to asymmetric stretching vibrations of S=O in the sulfonic acid group. 34 The C=O stretching peak of carboxyl acid groups is viewed at 1736 cm −1 which confirms the cross-linking of membrane.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysis Of Tio 2 Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 The C=O stretching peak of carboxyl acid groups is viewed at 1736 cm −1 which confirms the cross-linking of membrane. 35 The peak at 798 cm −1 is attributed to the presence of S-O group. 33,[35][36][37] Hence, it is confirmed that the prepared membrane is properly sulfonated as well as cross-linked.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysis Of Tio 2 Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

IN SITUPREPARED TIO₂NANOPARTICLES CROSS-LINKED SULFONATED PVA MEMBRANES WITH HIGH PROTON CONDUCTIVITY FOR DMFC

Solanki¹,

Mishra²,

Murthy³

2016

Química Nova

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Organic/inorganic membranes based on sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) (SPVA) and in situ prepared TiO 2 nanoparticles nanocomposite membranes with various compositions were prepared to use as proton exchange membranes in direct membrane fuel cells. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was sulfonated and cross-linked separately by 4-formylbenzene-1,3-disulfonic acid disodium salt hydrate and glutaraldehyde. The ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity of the membranes increased with increasing amount of TiO 2 nanoparticles. The composite membranes with 15 wt% TiO 2 exhibited excellent proton conductivity of 0.0822 S cm -1 , as well as remarkably low methanol permeability of 1.11×10 −9 cm 2 s -1. The thermal stability and durability were also superior and performance in methanol fuel cell was also reasonably good.

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“…Figure 6.28 shows the relative selectivity plot for PVA-based membranes. Pure PVA have a low relative methanol permeability but also low proton conductivity resulting in β r % 1, [329] and PVA-based membranes: SSA-GA ( ) [330]; PSSA-MA ( ) [331,332], SSA/PSSA-MA ( ) [333]; sulfonated phenolic resin (sPh) ( ) [334]; PI/3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid (TSGEPS) ( ) [335]; SSA/PVP ( ) [336]; bis (4-γ-aminopropyldiethoxysilylphenyl)sulfone (APDSPS) ( ) [337]; Organophosphorous acid/ chitosan ( ) [329]; aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) ( ) [338]; sulfonated PVA ( ) [339], methylpropane sulfonic acid (MPSA) ( ) [340,341], sPOSS ( ) [342]; DSDSBA ( ) [343]; SSA/SiO 2 ( ) [344]; PAA/SiO 2 ( ) [345]; N-p-carboxy benzyl chitosan (CBC)/SiO 2 ( ) [346]; benzene-silica ( ) [347]; Si-sPS/A)/PWA ( ) [348]; sulphated β-CD ( ) [349]; Montmorillonite ( ) [350,351]; Organoclay ( ) [352]; PVA-co-Poly(vinyl acetate-co-itaconic acid/PMA ( ) [353]; poly(ether sulfone/PWA ( ) [354]; Zirconium phosphate/Cs-salt SWA ( ) [355] while a significant number of PVA-based membranes are located in the C2 octant, having selectivities lower than Nafion. However, several PVA-based membranes belong to the A-quadrant with proton conductivities and methanol barrier higher than Nafion, or are located in the B2 octant with high relative selectivity.…”

Section: Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Corti

2013

Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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This chapter is devoted to summarize and discuss the main properties of ionomeric membranes used in direct alcohol PEM fuel cells. Although Nafion is the proton exchange membrane commonly used in methanol and other direct alcohol fuel cells, other proton and alkaline membranes are being investigated in order to improve the efficiency of DAFC. The goals in the development of this critical component of DAFC are: low cost, long durability, low alcohol permeability and high electrical conductivity. The last two properties can be combined in a single parameter, the membrane selectivity that accounts for the ratio between the proton and alcohol transport through the membrane. This parameter can be compared to that measured for Nafion to define a relative selectivity, which is a primary parameter to evaluate the potentiality of a ionomer material to be used in alcohol feed fuel cells.The vast catalogue of polymeric materials reviewed here included Nafion composite with inorganic and organic fillers, and non-fluorinated proton conducting membranes such as sulfonated polyimides, poly(arylene ether)s, polysulfones, poly (vinyl alcohol), polystyrenes, and acid-doped polybenzimidazoles. Anionexchange membranes are also discussed because of the facile electro-oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media and because of the minimization of alcohol crossover in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.The performance of different types of membranes in direct alcohol fuel cells, mainly methanol, are summarized and discussed in order to identify the most promissory ones. The lack of correlation between the relative selectivity and fuel cell performance of the membranes indicates that the architecture of the three

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Analysis of states of water in poly (vinyl alcohol) based DMFC membranes using FTIR and DSC

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Water Soluble Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Water Soluble Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

IN SITUPREPARED TIO₂NANOPARTICLES CROSS-LINKED SULFONATED PVA MEMBRANES WITH HIGH PROTON CONDUCTIVITY FOR DMFC

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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Analysis of states of water in poly (vinyl alcohol) based DMFC membranes using FTIR and DSC

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Water Soluble Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Water Soluble Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

IN SITUPREPARED TIO2NANOPARTICLES CROSS-LINKED SULFONATED PVA MEMBRANES WITH HIGH PROTON CONDUCTIVITY FOR DMFC

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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Product

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IN SITUPREPARED TIO₂NANOPARTICLES CROSS-LINKED SULFONATED PVA MEMBRANES WITH HIGH PROTON CONDUCTIVITY FOR DMFC