Analysis of steryl esters in cocoa butter by on-line liquid chromatography–gas chromatography

Kamm, Willibald; Dionisi, Fabiola; Fay, Laurent‐Bernard; Hischenhuber, Claudia; Schmarr, Hans-Georg; Engel, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00755-5

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As sterols are partially esterified to FAs, analysis of sterol esters has also a potential to detect the addition of a foreign fat [80]. Only slight differences in the absolute amounts of steryl esters depending on the geographical origin of CB samples were observed [81]. Refining of CB had only a negligible influence on the pattern and on the amounts of steryl esters.…”

Section: Chromatographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical platforms to assess the authenticity of cocoa butter

Ulberth

Buchgraber²

2003

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Analytical platforms to assess the authenticity of cocoa butterThis paper reviews strategies to detect and analyse cocoa butter equivalents added to genuine cocoa butter or to chocolate products. The legal background of the issue is that current European legislation allows the addition of vegetable fats other than cocoa butter to chocolate up to a level of 5% of the product weight, provided that the addition is correctly indicated on the label. However, the Directive fails to specify a method of analysis to enforce compliance.The principal themes highlight compositional data (triglyceride and fatty acid composition, components of the unsaponifiable matter) of cocoa butter from different origins and suitable raw materials used for the formulation of cocoa butter equivalents, and explains how analytical techniques (gas-liquid chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, pyrolysis mass spectrometry) make use of subtle differences between the two commodities to detect commingling.

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Section: Chromatographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical platforms to assess the authenticity of cocoa butter

Ulberth

Buchgraber²

2003

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…In this way, information regarding the fatty acid composition of the steryl esters is lost. Approaches for the analysis of intact esters have also been reported (Barnsteiner, Lubinus, di Gianvito, Schmid, & Engel, 2011;Caboni, Iafelice, Pelillo, & Marconi, 2005;Gordon & Griffith, 1991;Gunawan, Melwita, & Ju, 2010;Kamm et al, 2001;Mezine, Zhang, Macku, & Lijana, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary gas chromatographic analysis of complex phytosteryl/-stanyl ester mixtures in enriched skimmed milk-drinking yoghurts

Barnsteiner¹,

Esche²,

Gianvito³

et al. 2012

Food Control

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“…The detection limit of the combined LC-GC method was 3 mg steryl ester/kg cocoa butter, and the quantification limit 10 mg/kg. The method was proposed for the authenticity test of cocoa butter (Kamm et al, 2001).…”

Section: Gas Chromatographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%