Analysis of Swimming Performance from Physical, Physiological, and Biomechanical Parameters in Young Swimmers

Jürimäe, Jaak; Haljaste, Kaja; Cicchella, Antonio; Lätt, Evelin; Purge, Priit; Leppik, Aire; Jürimäe, Toivo

doi:10.1123/pes.19.1.70

Cited by 129 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Previous studies with age-specific subjects and the data from the present study of children and adolescents provided evidence that in an aquatic environment the technique is important (Jürimäe et al, 2007;Lätt et al, 2010;Pelayo et al, 2007;Saavedra et al, 2010;Vitor & Böhme, 2010), and emphasized that experience (years) is a factor influencing its improvement as well, especially in youngsters, with an increase in body size (Grimston & Hay, 1986;Lätt et al, 2009). In addition, taller swimmers have the advantages of greater SL and consequently lower SR at any distance, thus improving their biomechanical pattern (represented by SI) (Jürimäe et al, 2007;Pelayo, Sidney, Kherif, Chollet, & Tourny, 1996;Wakayoshi, D'Acquisto, Cappaert, & Troup, 1995;Zamparo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In addition, taller swimmers have the advantages of greater SL and consequently lower SR at any distance, thus improving their biomechanical pattern (represented by SI) (Jürimäe et al, 2007;Pelayo, Sidney, Kherif, Chollet, & Tourny, 1996;Wakayoshi, D'Acquisto, Cappaert, & Troup, 1995;Zamparo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that being an aquatic modality, swimming is largely dependent on technical skills and the optimal combination of stroke rate (SR) and length (SL) that results in maximal speed and great swimming economy (Pelayo, Alberty, Sidney, Pordevin, & Dekerle, 2007). However, in young individuals, all anthropometrical changes strongly influence these technical indexes and, consequently, performance itself (Jürimäe et al, 2007;Lätt et al, 2009;Zamparo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technical, physiological, and bodily parameters are identified as traditional adult performance predictors and major factors that influence performance improvement in youngsters, thereby highlighting differences between genders, different chronological ages, and maturational status throughout childhood and adolescence (Geladas, Nassis, & Pavlicevic, 2005;Jürimäe et al, 2007;Lätt et al, 2010;Lätt et al, 2009;Saavedra, Escalante, & Rodriguez, 2010;Vitor & Böhme, 2010;Zuniga et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender and distance influence performance predictors in young swimmers

Mezzaroba

Papoti

Machado

2013

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Abstract-Predictors of performance in adult swimmers are constantly changing during youth especially because the training routine begins even before puberty in the modality. Therefore this study aimed to determine the group of parameters that best predict short and middle swimming distance performances of young swimmers of both genders. Thirty-three 10-to 16-years-old male and female competitive swimmers participated in the study. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used considering mean speed of maximum 100, 200 and 400 m efforts as dependent variables, and five parameters groups as possible predictors (anthropometry, body composition, physiological and biomechanical parameters, chronological age/pubic hair). The main results revealed explanatory powers of almost 100% for both genders and all performances, but with different predictors entered in MLR models of each parameter group or all variables. Thus, there are considerable differences in short and middle swimming distance, and males and females predictors that should be considered in training programs.Keywords: short distance, middle distance, physiological parameters, biomechanical parametersResumo-"Gênero e distância influenciam preditores de desempenho em nadadores jovens." Preditores de desempenho modificam-se constantemente na juventude devido ao início precoce das rotinas de treinamento sistematizado na natação. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo foi determinar o grupo de parâmetros que melhor prediz performances de curta e média distância em nadadores jovens de ambos os gêneros. Trinta e três nadadores competitivos de ambos os gêneros (10 a 16 anos) participaram do estudo. Foi utilizada regressão linear múltipla (RLM) considerando as velocidades médias de 100, 200 e 400m como variáveis dependentes, e cinco grupos de parâmetros como possíveis preditores (antropometria, composição corporal, parâmetros fisiológicos e biomecânicos, idade cronológica/ pilosidade pubiana). Os principais resultados revelaram poder de explicação próximo a 100% para ambos os gêneros em todas as performances, entretanto com diferentes preditores nos modelos de RLM. Logo, há consideráveis diferenças que devem ser consideradas em programas de treinamento entre preditores de performances de curta e média distância, para meninos e meninas. Palavras-chaves: curta distância, média distância, parâmetros fisiológicos, parâmetros biomecânicosResumen-"Género y la distancia de influencia predictores del rendimiento en nadadores jóvenes." Predictores de rendimiento en nadadores adultos cambian constantemente en la juventud, especialmente porque la rutina de entrenamiento comienza antes de la pubertad. Por tanto, el objetivo fue determinar el conjunto de parámetros que mejor predice el rendimiento de corta y media distancia de los nadadores de ambos sexos. Participaron 33 nadadores de ambos sexos (edad, 10-16 años). Regresión lineal múltiple fue usada considerando la velocidad promedio de 100, 200 y 400m como variables dependientes, y cinco grupos de parámetros como posibles predictores (a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gender and distance influence performance predictors in young swimmers

Mezzaroba

Papoti

Machado

2013

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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“…It seems that for reaching the peak swim times, it is necessary to have the anthropometric requirements of a finalized growth of the body. Apart from anthropometry, the developing physiological factors in adolescence also seem to have a main impact on the age of the peak swim time Zamparo, 2006), such as the propelling efficiency, changes in muscle strength, biomechanical factors and bio-energetic values (Jürimäe, Haljaste, Cicchella, Lätt, Purge, Leppik, et al, 2007;Zamparo, 2006). These factors change during adolescence and are consistent with our results showing that the age of the peak swim time was higher than the age when body growth is usually finished.…”

Section: The Age Of Peak Swim Times In Individual Medley and Freestylementioning

confidence: 99%

Age of peak swim speed and sex difference in performance in medley and freestyle swimming – a comparison between 200 m and 400 m in Swiss elite swimmers

Vaso¹,

Knechtle²,

Rüst³

et al. 2013

JHSE

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Vaso, M., Knechtle, B., Rüst, C.A., Rosemann, T. & Lepers, R. (2013). Age of peak swim speed and sex difference in performance in medley and freestyle swimming -A comparison between 200 m and 400 m in Swiss elite swimmers. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 8(3), pp.954-965. The aims of the present study were to examine (i) the age of peak swim speed and (ii) the sex difference in peak swim times in 200m and 400m medley versus freestyle. Swim times and ages of 5,524 swimmers (2,785 males and 2,739 females) from the Swiss high score list from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The age of peak swim speed was younger for females (~20-21 years) compared to males (~22-25 years) for both distances and both swimming styles. The sex differences in peak swim times for age group 10-39 years were 9.7% (SD=3.4) and 7.1% (SD=5.1) for 200m and 400m individual medley, and 10.1% (SD=5.0) and 6.1% (SD=4.0) for 200m and 400m freestyle, respectively. The sex differences were neither different between the two distances nor between the two disciplines (p > .05). There were no differences within each sex (i.e. females to females, and males to males) in the age of reaching peak swim speed in 200m and 400m individual medley and freestyle. However, females reached the peak swim speed at a younger age than males. The sex differences in peak swim times were similar for 200m than for 400m for both swim styles. To summarize, the present findings suggest no difference in the age of peak swim times in 200m and 400m individual medley and freestyle. However, females reached peak swim times earlier than males, which might be dependent on a different development of the genders in puberty and the related physiological and anthropometric factors. Sex differences in peak swim times were similar for 200m than for 400m for both swim styles.

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An Updated Review of the Epidemiology of Swimming Injuries

Trinidad

González-García

López-Valenciano

2020

PM&R

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Objective To carry out a systematic review to update the scientific evidence on the incidence and prevalence of injuries in the swimming discipline, as well as the location, type, and mechanism of the injuries, and to assess whether studies are meeting methodological recommendations for data collection and injury surveillance. Type Analytical‐Systematic review. Literature Survey The databases of PubMed and Sportdiscus were used to search for studies that describe the epidemiology of injuries in adult swimmers between 2010 and March 2020. Methodology Of the 864 articles identified, 14 studies were finally included in this review. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) scale and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Synthesis The results showed a high prevalence of shoulder, knee, and lower back injuries among swimmers due to overuse. These injuries were mainly short‐term tendon muscles; there were reported data differences between genders. Conclusions Despite the publication of an injury surveillance single and multisport events document and a consensus on data collection and injury surveillance in swimming, there are huge methodological limitations that do not allow firm conclusions. As such, more epidemiological studies following guidelines for data collection and injury surveillance are needed to establish differences by gender, age group, and swimming stroke.

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Analysis of Swimming Performance from Physical, Physiological, and Biomechanical Parameters in Young Swimmers

Cited by 129 publications

References 20 publications

Gender and distance influence performance predictors in young swimmers

Gender and distance influence performance predictors in young swimmers

Age of peak swim speed and sex difference in performance in medley and freestyle swimming – a comparison between 200 m and 400 m in Swiss elite swimmers

An Updated Review of the Epidemiology of Swimming Injuries

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