Analysis of Synephrine in the Peel of Citrus Fruit, Immature Citrus Fruit and Decoctions of Chinese Medicinal Prescriptions Containing These Crude Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis

Identification of anti-asthmatic compounds in Pericarpium citri reticulatae and evaluation of their synergistic effects

“…Synephrine is a phenolic amine that has been used pharmacologically as a vascoconstrictor and bronchiectatic agent [19] . It promotes sympathomimetic activity that has been associated with signaling by β 1 , β 2 , β 3 , and α-adrenoceptors [20] . In this paper, the PCR extract, AS, significantly reduced ACh-induced contractions in isolated guinea pig tracheal rings by activating β 2 adrenoceptors.…”

Enantioselective LC analysis of synephrine in natural products on a protein-based chiral stationary phase

“…Hashimoto et al [35] analyzed the content of synephrine in crude Chinese drugs from C. aurantium fruits and they found a level of 1.12 mg/g. Takei et al [36] applied an LC method to determine the content of synephrine in the peel of Citrus fruits (3.27 mg/g) and in unripe Citrus fruits (2.28 mg/g). Pellati et al [3,4] determined 1.00 mg/g of synephrine in C. aurantium fruits.…”

PCR amplification and cloning of tyrosine decarboxylase involved in synephrine biosynthesis in Citrus

“…Recently, the phenolic amine synephrine has received increasingly more attention as results from several animal studies and human clinical trials [1] suggest that it has promise as an aid to weight management and obesity reduction. Synephrine is also a vascoconstrictor and bronchiectatic agent [2] that is structurally similar to the active ingredients of several commercial cold remedies. Among edible and nonedible plant species Citrus contain synephrine concentrations that are at least tenfold higher than any other plant species currently evaluated [3] and the juices of some varieties even contain synephrine concentrations greater than 100 mg l À1 making them significant dietary sources of synephrine [4].…”