Analysis of the Applicable Range of the Standard Lambertian Model to Describe the Reflection in Visible Light Communication

Abstract

The existing visible light communication simulation research on reflection is mainly based on the standard Lambertian model. In recent years, some papers have mentioned that the standard Lambertian model is too simplified and approximate to meet the actual situation. To solve this problem, a variety of more complex reflection models have been proposed. However, the more complex models require more computation. To balance computation and simulation accuracy, by consulting the literature, this study found that the standard Lambertian model has a certain requirement of the incident angle range to describe reflection on a wall covered in plaster. In this paper, the inappropriate index Q of the standard Lambertian model is defined, and then the relationship between Q and the light-emitting diode position with only the first reflection considered is determined through a preliminary calculation. The calculation shows that, in an empty room with plaster walls, and when the distance is greater than 0.685 m, the standard Lambertian model can be used; when the distance is less than 0.685 m, other, more complex models need to be adopted according to the actual situation.

A Method for Point Cloud Accuracy Analysis Based on Intensity Information

“…For scanners that are unable to access raw intensity data, the normalized percentage intensity data and the Lambertian reflectance model can be utilized to analyze point cloud accuracy. The relationship between the radiant flux reflected within the solid angle and radiant flux reflected in the surface normal direction for a Lambertian surface is as follo [30]:…”

“…The relationship between the flectance intensity of a Lambertian surface and the incident angle can be described us a Lambertian circle, as shown in Figure 5. The relationship between the radiant flux reflected within the solid angle and the radiant flux reflected in the surface normal direction for a Lambertian surface is as follows [30]:…”

“…(a) (b) The relationship between the radiant flux reflected within the solid angle and the radiant flux reflected in the surface normal direction for a Lambertian surface is as follows [30]:…”